Nagy, Léna, Koós, Mónika, Kraus, Shane W., Demetrovics, Zsolt, Potenza, Marc N., Ballester-Arnal, Rafael, Batthyány, Dominik, Bergeron, Sophie, Billieux, Joël, Briken, Peer, Burkauskas, Julius, Cárdenas-López, Georgina, Carvalho, Joana, Castro-Calvo, Jesús, Chen, Lijun, Chen, Ji Kang, Ciocca, Giacomo, Corazza, Ornella, Csako, Rita, Fernandez, David P., Fujiwara, Hironobu, Fernandez, Elaine F., Fuss, Johannes, Gabrhelík, Roman, Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gola, Mateusz, Grubbs, Joshua B., Hashim, Hashim T., Islam, Md Saiful, Ismail, Mustafa, Jiménez-Martínez, Martha C., Jurin, Tanja, Kalina, Ondrej, Klein, Verena, Költő, András, Lee, Sang Kyu, Lewczuk, Karol, Lin, Chung Ying, Lochner, Christine, López-Alvarado, Silvia, Lukavská, Kateřina, Mayta-Tristán, Percy, Miller, Dan J., Orosová, Oľga, Orosz, Gábor, Ponce, Fernando P., Quintana, Gonzalo R., Quintero Garzola, Gabriel C., Ramos-Diaz, Jano, Rigaud, Kévin, Rousseau, Ann, De Tubino, Scanavino Marco, Schulmeyer, Marion K., Sharan, Pratap, Shibata, Mami, Shoib, Sheikh, Sigre-Leirós, Vera, Sniewski, Luke, Spasovski, Ognen, Steibliene, Vesta, Stein, Dan J., Strizek, Julian, Štulhofer, Aleksandar, Ünsal, Banu C., Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie Pier, Claire Van Hout, Marie, and Bőthe, Beáta (2025) Sexual Assertiveness Across Cultures, Genders, and Sexual Orientations: Validation of the Short Sexual Assertiveness Questionnaire (SAQ-9). Assessment. (In Press)

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Abstract

Sexual assertiveness (SA) is an important concept in understanding sexual well-being and decision-making. However, psychometric evaluation of existing measures of SA in diverse populations is largely lacking, hindering cross-cultural and comparative studies. This study validated the short version of the Sexual Assertiveness Questionnaire (SAQ-9) and examined its measurement invariance across several languages, countries, genders, sexual orientations, and relationship statuses among 65,448 sexually-active adults (Mage = 32.98 years, SD = 12.08, 58% women, 2.74% gender-diverse individuals) taking part in the International Sex Survey. The scale demonstrated adequate psychometric properties. Measurement invariance tests indicated that the SAQ-9 is suitable for comparing individuals from different cultures, genders, sexual orientations, and relationship statuses, and significant group differences were also noted (e.g., gender-diverse individuals reported the highest levels of SA). Findings suggest that the SAQ-9 is a reliable and valid measure of SA and appropriate for use in diverse populations, with specific populations exhibiting varying levels of SA.

Item ID:	89077
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1552-3489
Keywords:	cross-cultural,gender difference,International Sex Survey (ISS),SAQ-9,sexual and gender minorities,sexual assertiveness,validation
Related URLs:	https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri...
Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2025.
Date Deposited:	15 Oct 2025 01:36
FoR Codes:	52 PSYCHOLOGY > 5201 Applied and developmental psychology > 520108 Testing, assessment and psychometrics @ 100%
SEO Codes:	28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280121 Expanding knowledge in psychology @ 100%
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