Nezafati, Pouya, Saxena, Pankaj, Raman, Jaishankar, Hebbard, Lionel, and McFarlane, Craig (2025) Getting to the heart of sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease. Aging-US. (In Press)

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Abstract

Sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease are reported to have similar pathophysiological mechanisms, which suggests that management strategies for one could reduce the burden of the other. A variety of biomarkers linked to changes in the neuromuscular junction, endocrine systems as well as growth factors and muscle proteins have been utilised to assess and identify patients with sarcopenia or patients at risk of developing sarcopenia. Sarcopenia working groups have defined a set of consensus clinical guidelines to diagnose sarcopenia which have been commonly adopted globally. In addition, screening questionnaires have been introduced with different degrees of sensitivity and specificity to identify patients at risk of sarcopenia. Herein, we review screening and diagnosing strategies of sarcopenia as well as the different imaging modalities to quantify sarcopenia. The association of sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease are explored in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms. The effects of sarcopenia on cardiac surgery are evaluated, along with different preventive measures and treatment plans for sarcopenia.

Item ID:	86541
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1945-4589
Keywords:	sarcopenia; cardiovascular disease; cardiac surgery; screening; diagnosis
Copyright Information:	Copyright: © 2025 Nezafati et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funders:	Townsville Hospital and Health Services Study Education and Research Trust Fund (SERTA)
Projects and Grants:	SERTA Research Grant 2021 14
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2025 00:22
FoR Codes:	32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology > 320101 Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases) @ 40% 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320226 Surgery @ 40% 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320216 Orthopaedics @ 20%
SEO Codes:	20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200104 Prevention of human diseases and conditions @ 40% 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200101 Diagnosis of human diseases and conditions @ 30% 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200105 Treatment of human diseases and conditions @ 30%
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