Anokye, Reindolf, Via, Jack Dalla, Dimmock, James, Jackson, Ben, Schultz, Carl, Schæffer, Mie, Dickson, Joanne M., Blekkenhorst, Lauren C., Stanley, Mandy, Hodgson, Jonathan M., and Lewis, Joshua R. (2024) Impact of Cardiovascular Imaging Results on Medication Use and Adherence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 67 (4). pp. 606-617.

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Abstract

Introduction Cardiovascular imaging results offer valuable information that can guide health decisions, but their impact on medication use and adherence is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the downstream impact of cardiovascular imaging results on medication use and adherence.

Methods Searches were conducted across databases, including MEDLINE, PsychINFO, EMBASE, and relevant references up to 2024. Data were extracted from studies comparing outcomes for individuals with diseased versus normal arteries and trials comparing outcomes for individuals who were provided imaging results versus those with no access to imaging results and analysed in 2023 and 2024. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) for outcomes were calculated.

Results The analysis included 29 studies with 24 contributing data points. Initiation (OR:2.77;95% CI:1.82–4.20) and continuation (OR:2.06;95% CI:1.28–3.30) of lipid-lowering medications (LLMs), antihypertensives (OR:2.02;95% CI:1.76–2.33), and antiplatelets (OR:2.47;95% CI:1.68–3.64) were significantly higher in individuals with diseased arteries. The proportion of individuals on LLM increased by 2.7-fold in those with diseased arteries and 1.5-fold in those with normal arteries post-screening. The proportion on LLM increased by 4.2 times in the imaging group and 2.2 times in the "no imaging group" post-screening. There was a significant increase in LLM initiation (OR:2.37;95% CI: 1.17–4.79) in the imaging group, but medication continuation did not significantly differ between the imaging and "no imaging group".

Discussion Cardiovascular imaging results can prompt initiation of medications, particularly lipid-lowering medications, reflecting a proactive response to identified risk factors. However, evidence regarding medication continuation is mixed, and further research is required.

Item ID:	85572
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1873-2607
Copyright Information:	© 2024 The Author(s).Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CCBY license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Funders:	National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Projects and Grants:	NHMRC Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant (ID: 1172987), NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (ID: 1116973)
Date Deposited:	21 May 2025 04:43
FoR Codes:	32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology > 320101 Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases) @ 100%
SEO Codes:	28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280103 Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences @ 100%
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