Wangchuk, Phurpa, and Yeshi, Karma (2024) Techniques, Databases and Software Used for Studying Polar Metabolites and Lipids of Gastrointestinal Parasites. Animals, 14 (18). 2671.

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Abstract

Gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs) are organisms known to have coevolved for millennia with their mammalian hosts. These parasites produce small molecules, peptides, and proteins to evade or fight their hosts’ immune systems and also to protect their host for their own survival/coexistence. The small molecules include polar compounds, amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Metabolomics and lipidomics are emerging fields of research that have recently been applied to study helminth infections, host–parasite interactions and biochemicals of GIPs. This review comprehensively discusses metabolomics and lipidomics studies of the small molecules of GIPs, providing insights into the available tools and techniques, databases, and analytical software. Most metabolomics and lipidomics investigations employed LC-MS, MS or MS/MS, NMR, or a combination thereof. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted software tools and databases have propelled parasitomics forward, offering new avenues to explore host–parasite interactions, immunomodulation, and the intricacies of parasitism. As our understanding of AI technologies and their utilisation continue to expand, it promises to unveil novel perspectives and enrich the knowledge of these complex host–parasite relationships.

Item ID:	83800
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	2076-2615
Keywords:	artificial intelligence,database,gastrointestinal parasites,lipidomics,metabolomics,small molecules,software
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Copyright Information:	© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Funders:	National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Projects and Grants:	NHMRC Ideas Grant (APP1183323)
Date Deposited:	14 Oct 2024 21:59
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