Role of inflammatory cytokines in genesis and treatment of atherosclerosis

Biros, Erik, Reznik, Jacqueline E., and Moran, Corey S. (2022) Role of inflammatory cytokines in genesis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, 32 (3). pp. 138-142.

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Abstract

Atherosclerosis demonstrates an increased rate of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) plasticity characterized by switching from the differentiated contractile phenotype to a de-differentiated synthetic state. In healthy blood vessels, phenotypic switching represents a fundamental property of VSMC in maintaining vascular homeostasis. However, in atherosclerosis, it is an initial and necessary step in VSMC-derived foam cell formation. These foam cells play a decisive role in atherosclerosis progression since approximately half of all the foam cells are of VSMC origin. Our recent work showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a primary inflammatory cytokine in progressive atherosclerosis, mediates VSMC phenotype switching exclusively through upregulating mini-tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (mini-TrpRS). Here, we discuss the pro-atherosclerotic implication of this phenomenon that inevitably occurs in the context of a more complex regulation mediated by IFN-γ. An emerging therapeutic option for patients with progressive atherosclerosis is also discussed.

Item ID: 66950
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1873-2615
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, D-tryptophan, Interferon-gamma, Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase
Copyright Information: © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Date Deposited: 28 Sep 2022 06:04
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology > 320101 Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases) @ 100%
SEO Codes: 28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280103 Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences @ 100%
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