Hamilton, Elizabeth M., Nath, Karthik D., Vangaveti, Venkat N., McCutchan, Andrew D., Marsh, Jodie L., Birchley, Andrew J., Casey, John M., McNamara, Caroline, Lai, Hock C., Morris, Edward S., Hodges, Georgina, and Irving, Ian M. (2020) A 14-year retrospective analysis of indications and outcomes of autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation in regional Queensland: a single-centre experience. Internal Medicine Journal, 50 (2). pp. 214-221.

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Abstract

Background: The Townsville Hospital is a tertiary hospital in North Queensland with one of the largest regional transplant centres in Australia, performing primarily autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) for various haematological malignancies.

Aims: This single-centre, retrospective, observational study aims to describe the activity and outcomes of autologous HSCT at The Townsville Hospital between 2003 and 2017 to verify safety standards.

Methods: Patient-level data were collected, including demographics, frequency and indication for transplant, conditioning, current clinical status and cause of death. Key outcomes included overall survival, non-relapse mortality, incidence of therapy-related neoplasm and causes of death. Progression-free survival in the multiple myeloma (MM) subgroup was also assessed.

Results: There were 319 autologous HSCT in 286 patients, with a median age of 58 years (range 14-71 years); 62% of patients were male. Indications for transplantation were: MM 53.7%, non-Hodgkin lymphoma 29.4%, Hodgkin lymphoma 5.0% and other 11.9%. Causes of death were: disease progression/relapse (65.2%), second malignancy (17.0%), infection (9.8%) and other (8.0%). Non-relapse mortality was 1.2% (95% confidence interval 0.4-3.0) and 3.2% (1.7-5.7) at 100 days and 1 year, respectively, post-HSCT. Overall survival at 2 years was 81.0% (73.8-86.4) for MM and 69.6% (58.8-78.1) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The median progression-free survival in the MM cohort was 3.3 years.

Conclusion: The Townsville Hospital transplant centre provides an important transplant service in regional Queensland, with outcomes comparable to national data. We reported a relatively high rate of second malignancy as a cause of death.

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