Geology, geochronology and geochemistry of the Miocene Jiaoxi quartz vein-type W deposit in the western part of the Lhasa Terrane, Tibet: implications for ore genesis

Wang, Yong, Tang, Juxing, Wang, Liqiang, Huizenga, Jan Marten, Santosh, M., Zheng, Silun, Hu, Yu, and Gao, Teng (2020) Geology, geochronology and geochemistry of the Miocene Jiaoxi quartz vein-type W deposit in the western part of the Lhasa Terrane, Tibet: implications for ore genesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 120. 103433.

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Abstract

The Jiaoxi deposit is the first Miocene quartz vein-type W deposit discovered in the western part of the Lhasa Terrane comprising with 39,000 metric tons of WO3. The mineralization occurs in wolframite-bearing hydrothermal tensional quartz veins and is associated with Miocene granites. The mineralization event can be divided into an early quartz-oxide stage succeeded by a sulfide stage, and a final fluorite-carbonate stage. Magmatic intrusions at the deposit include biotite monzogranite porphyry, biotite monzogranite, granite porphyry, and muscovite granite at depth and show crystallization ages ranging between 14.5 and 13.7 Ma. Whole-rock geochemistry shows that the intrusions are alkali-rich peraluminous granites that experienced strong fractional crystallization. The most evolved muscovite granite has high W, Nb and Cs contents and is considered to be the source for mineralization. During the late crystallization stage of the highly fractionated muscovite granite, exsolved hydrothermal fluids interacted with the muscovite granite magma and migrated along extensional fractures forming the Jiaoxi deposit. Zircon grains from the granites show uniform εHf (t) values with a wide range between −7.08 and +3.87. The granites have initial Sr isotopic compositions ranging between 0.7094 and 0.7124 and negative εNd (t) values ranging between −4.9 and −9.4. The Sr-Nd-Hf isotope data indicate that the granites were derived from partial melting of a crustal source with minor contributions from the lithospheric mantle. The 3He/4He ratios for wolframite and pyrite vary between 0.30 and 0.74 Ra (Ra = 1.4 × 10–6 for air), confirming that W was mainly sourced from the crust. Collectively, the regional geology, geochronology and geochemistry, indicate that the Miocene post-collisional peraluminous granites and associated W mineralization were triggered by the roll-back and gradual break-off of the northward-subducting Indian continental lithosphere slab. The less evolved biotite monzogranite porphyry, which contains ore-bearing veins and local greisen alteration, appears to be unrelated to W mineralization.

Item ID: 62552
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1872-7360
Keywords: Fractional crystallization; Jiaoxi deposit; Miocene granitoids; Peraluminous granites; Tibet; W mineralization
Copyright Information: © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Funders: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Basal Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (BRF-CAGS), China Scholarship Council (CSC)
Projects and Grants: NSFC grant 41873046, BRF-CAGS grant JYYWF20182402, CSC grant no. 201806400017
Date Deposited: 17 Mar 2020 23:56
FoR Codes: 37 EARTH SCIENCES > 3703 Geochemistry > 370303 Isotope geochemistry @ 40%
37 EARTH SCIENCES > 3703 Geochemistry > 370399 Geochemistry not elsewhere classified @ 30%
37 EARTH SCIENCES > 3705 Geology > 370502 Geochronology @ 30%
SEO Codes: 84 MINERAL RESOURCES (excl. Energy Resources) > 8401 Mineral Exploration > 840199 Mineral Exploration not elsewhere classified @ 50%
97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970104 Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences @ 50%
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