Duke, N.C. (1990) Phenological trends with latitude in the mangrove tree Avicennia marina. Journal of Ecology, 78 (1). pp. 113-133.

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Abstract

Leaf fall and reproductive phenology of A. marina assessed during 1982-83 using litter fall collections from 25 sites in Australia, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand revealed major trends with latitude. Flowering shifted from Nov.-Dec. in northern tropical sites, to May-Jun. in southern temperate sites. Periods between flowering and fruiting increased from 2 to 3 months in tropical sites to 10 months in southernmost sites. Leaf fall was more variable with unimodal annual peaks in temperate sites and often multimodal patterns in the tropics. Correlative evaluation of simple models suggested that initiation of the reproductive cycle occurred when daylength exceeded 12 h, followed by rates of development to flowering and fruit maturation given by a linear function of mean daily air temperature. This explained up to 92% of variance in total cycle duration and timing. Temp. affected reproductive development by increasing growth rates by a factor of 2 or 3 for each 10 deg C rise. The model was tested using independent data to predict timing of reproductive events in respective sites. Appearance of new leaves on canopy shoots in situ near Townsville, northern Queensland, had seasonal highs followed by peak leaf falls a month later, and leaf longevity was estimated to be around 13 months. Timing of new leaf appearance and leaf fall were comparable with observations from other studies and sites. Appearance of inflorescence leaves was predominant in low-moisture and low-temp. sites during early summer, and independent leaves appeared mostly in wetter tropical sites during winter months. Limits of A. marina in higher latitudes coincided with trends towards zero reproductive success (notably seen in flowering). This was apparently brought about by a convergence of phenological events within the shorter growth period of summer in these latitudes.

Item ID:	48887
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1365-2745
Keywords:	mangrove; plants; Avicennia; litterfall; phenology; latitude; temperature; distribution; Australia; IWP
Date Deposited:	10 May 2017 03:20
FoR Codes:	06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0607 Plant Biology > 060703 Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology @ 40% 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0602 Ecology > 060205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl Marine Ichthyology) @ 30% 05 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES > 0502 Environmental Science and Management > 050206 Environmental Monitoring @ 30%
SEO Codes:	97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970106 Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences @ 30% 96 ENVIRONMENT > 9605 Ecosystem Assessment and Management > 960503 Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Coastal and Estuarine Environments @ 40% 96 ENVIRONMENT > 9606 Environmental and Natural Resource Evaluation > 960603 Environmental Lifecycle Assessment @ 30%
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