Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo, Westaway, Michael C., Muller, Craig, Sousa, Vitor C., Lao, Oscar, Alves, Isabel, Bergström, Anders, Athanasiadis, Georgios, Cheng, Jade Y., Crawford, Jacob E., Heupink, Tim H., Macholdt, Enrico, Peischl, Stephan, Rasmussen, Simon, Schiffels, Stephan, Subramanian, Sankar, Wright, Joanne L., Albrechtsen, Anders, Barbieri, Chiara, Dupanloup, Isabelle, Eriksson, Anders, Margaryan, Ashot, Moltke, Ida, Pugach, Irina, Korneliussen, Thorfinn S., Levkivskyi, Ivan P., Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor, Ni, Shengyu, Racimo, Fernando, Sikora, Martin, Xue, Yali, Aghakhanian, Farhang A., Brucato, Nicolas, Brunak, Søren, Campos, Paula F., Clark, Warren, Ellingvåg, Sturla, Fourmile, Gudjugudju, Gerbault, Pascale, Injie, Darren, Koki, George, Leavesley, Matthew, Logan, Betty, Lynch, Aubrey, Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth A., McAllister, Peter J., Mentzer, Alexander J., Metspalu, Mait, Migliano, Andrea B., Murgha, Les, Phipps, Maude E., Pomat, William, Reynolds, Doc, Ricaut, Francois-Xavier, Siba, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Wales, Thomas, Wall, Colleen Ma’run, Oppenheimer, Stephen J., Tyler-Smith, Chris, Durbin, Richard, Dortch, Joe, Manica, Andrea, Schierup, Mikkel H., Foley, Robert A., Lahr, Marta Mirazón, Bowern, Claire, Wall, Jeffrey D., Mailund, Thomas, Stoneking, Mark, Nielsen, Rasmus, Sandhu, Manjinder S., Excoffier, Laurent, Lambert, David M., and Willerslev, Eske (2016) A genomic history of Aboriginal Australia. Nature, 538 (7624). pp. 207-214.

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Abstract

The population history of Aboriginal Australians remains largely uncharacterized. Here we generate high-coverage genomes for 83 Aboriginal Australians (speakers of Pama–Nyungan languages) and 25 Papuans from the New Guinea Highlands. We find that Papuan and Aboriginal Australian ancestors diversified 25–40 thousand years ago (kya), suggesting pre-Holocene population structure in the ancient continent of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and Tasmania). However, all of the studied Aboriginal Australians descend from a single founding population that differentiated ~10–32 kya. We infer a population expansion in northeast Australia during the Holocene epoch (past 10,000 years) associated with limited gene flow from this region to the rest of Australia, consistent with the spread of the Pama–Nyungan languages. We estimate that Aboriginal Australians and Papuans diverged from Eurasians 51–72 kya, following a single out-of-Africa dispersal, and subsequently admixed with archaic populations. Finally, we report evidence of selection in Aboriginal Australians potentially associated with living in the desert.

Item ID:	45845
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1476-4687
Funders:	Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Lundbeck Foundation (LF), KU2016, Australian Research Council (ARC), Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Wellcome Trust (WT), Max Planck Society (MPS), Griffith University (GU), Villum Foundation (VF), Danish Council for Independent Research (DCIR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico (CNCTM), French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and French ANR (FMFEA), Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF), Leverhulme Programme (LP), EU European Regional Development Fund through the Centre of Excellence in Genomics (CEG), Estonian Institutional Research (EIR), European Research Council (ERC), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences (JCSMHS), Monash University Malaysia (MUM), Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation, Malaysia (MSTIM), Danish Independence Research Council (DIRC), Leverhulme Trust (LT), National Science Foundation (NSF)
Projects and Grants:	SNSF ambizione grant with reference PZ00P3_154717, ARC Discovery grant DP110102635, ARC Discovery grant DP140101405, ARC Linkage grant LP140100387, SNSF 31003A-143393, SNSF CRSII3_141940, MINECO Ramón y Cajal grant with reference RYC-2013-14797 , MINECO/FEDER grant BFU2015-68759-P, FCT grant SFRH/BD/73150/2010 , WT grant WT098051, DCIR DFF–4090-00244, FMFEA grant number ANR-14-CE31-0013-01, NNF grant NNF14CC0001, LP grant no. RP2011-R-045, WT 106289/Z/14/Z, EIR grant IUT24-1, WT Senior Investigator Award grant number 100719/Z/12/Z, WT Core Award Grant Number 090532/Z/09/Z, ERC Consolidator Grant 647787 'LocalAdaptation', JCSMHS/MUM/MSTIM 100-RM1/BIOTEK 16/6/2B, DIRC grant FNU 12-125062, ERC Advanced Grant 295907 'In-Africa', NSF grant BCS-0844550, NSF grant BCS-1423711, DIRC grant FNU 1323-00749, WT grant WT098051, SNSF grant 31003A-143393, ARC Linkage grant LP120200144, ARC Linkage grant LP150100583
Date Deposited:	26 Sep 2016 03:35
FoR Codes:	43 HISTORY, HERITAGE AND ARCHAEOLOGY > 4301 Archaeology > 430101 Archaeological science @ 100%
SEO Codes:	95 CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING > 9505 Understanding Past Societies > 950503 Understanding Australias Past @ 100%
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