Alcala, Angel C., Russ, Garry R., and Nillos, Portia (2006) Collaborative and community-based conservation of coral reefs, with reference to marine reserves in the Philippines. In: Cote, Isabelle M., and Reynolds, John D., (eds.) Coral Reef Conservation. Conservation Biology (13). Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, pp. 392-418.

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Abstract

Coral reefs have served as a source of many useful products for humankind for ages. The most important product is fish. Exploitation of reef resources during the early twentieth century did not have much discernible negative effects on coral reef ecosystems in some parts of Southeast Asia (e.g. some areas in central Philippines), probably because of the small numbers of people exploiting the resources. This situation has changed dramatically. Human-induced stresses exacerbated by occasional natural perturbations such as coral bleaching and infestations of crown-of-thorns starfish threaten the survival of coral reef ecosystems. It is estimated that 30% of coral reefs has already been severely damaged and close to 60% may be lost by 2030 (Wilkinson, 2004). The 20 000 km2 of Philippine coral reefs are no exception. Destructive fishing and sedimentation have taken a heavy toll of this fragile ecosystem. Only about 30% of coral reef stations surveyed remain in good to excellent condition (Gomez et aI., I994).

Item ID:	3596
Item Type:	Book Chapter (Research - B1)
ISBN:	978-0-521-85536-5
Keywords:	coral reef conservation; marine reserves; Philippines
Related URLs:	http://www.cambridge.org/gb/knowledge/is...
Date Deposited:	08 Nov 2009 22:36
SEO Codes:	96 ENVIRONMENT > 9613 Remnant Vegetation and Protected Conservation Areas > 961303 Protected Conservation Areas in Marine Environments @ 60% 83 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 8302 Fisheries - Wild Caught > 830299 Fisheries- Wild Caught not elsewhere classified @ 20% 83 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 8302 Fisheries - Wild Caught > 830201 Fisheries Recreational @ 20%
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