Geospatial Visualization and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice Soil of a Newly Developed Industrial Zone in Bangladesh
Akter, Mahmuda, Kabir, Mohammad Humayun, Alam, Mohammad Ashraful, Al Mashuk, Hammadullah, Rahman, Mohammad Mizanur, Alam, Mohammad Saiful, Brodie, Graham, Islam, S.M. Mofijul, Gaihre, Yam Kanta, and Rahman, Golum Kibria Muhammad Mustafizur (2023) Geospatial Visualization and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice Soil of a Newly Developed Industrial Zone in Bangladesh. Sustainability, 15 (9). 7208.
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Abstract
With rapid industrialization in Gazipur areas of Bangladesh, untreated industrial effluents have been polluting rice soils which could exert potential ecological risk. Therefore, four different types of industries including chemical (SL), textile and paints (MIX), dyeing (CK), and sweater and dyeing (RD) were selected to monitor the intensity of heavy metal pollution in rice soils and ecological risk assessment. The di-acid digestion method was used for the determination of Pd, Cd, and Ni, and the DTPA extraction method was used for Fe, Zn, and Cu. ArcGIS was used to visualize the spatial patterns of heavy metal pollution, and different pollution indices were calculated to assess the ecological risk. The highest concentration (mg kg−1) of Cd (0.72), Pb (104.20), and Ni (5.02) was found in soils of the MIX industrial area. The highest concentration (mg kg−1) of Fe (147.65) and Zn (11.27) was found in the SL industry, while the highest Cu (7.67) was found in the CK industry. It was evident from the spatial distribution that the soils of paddy fields adjacent to the different industries are more contaminated than background soil. Although the potential ecological risk of heavy metal was low, different pollution indices indicated low to high pollution. Thus, the adjacent rice field soil of different industries is being contaminated by different heavy metals which may raise ecological risk.
| Item ID: | 78948 |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| Keywords: | anthropogenic, contaminants, di-acid digestion, DTPA extraction, paddy soil, pedogenic, pollution index, spatial distribution |
| Copyright Information: | © 2023 by the authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Dec 2023 05:24 |
| FoR Codes: | 40 ENGINEERING > 4016 Materials engineering > 401607 Metals and alloy materials @ 50% 30 AGRICULTURAL, VETERINARY AND FOOD SCIENCES > 3004 Crop and pasture production > 300499 Crop and pasture production not elsewhere classified @ 50% |
| SEO Codes: | 28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280101 Expanding knowledge in the agricultural, food and veterinary sciences @ 100% |
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