Shaalan, Essam, Canyon, Deon, Younes, Mohamed Wagdi Faried, Abdel-Wahab, Hoda, and Mansour, Abdel-Hamid (2003) The efficacy of several promising mosquitocidal phytochemicals. In: Papers from 75th Florida Mosquito Control Association Annual Fall Meeting. pp. 1-22. From: 75th Florida Mosquito Control Association Annual Fall Meeting, 16-19 November 2003, Biscayne Bay, FL, USA.

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Abstract

Phytochemicals have been investigated by many researchers for use in mosquito control. This interest is driven by the high cost of synthetic pyrethroids, increasing insecticide resistance, environmental concerns and limited choice. Using WHO methodology, the susceptibility of 4th instar Aedes aegypti (dengue vector) and Culex annulirostris (Japanese encephalitis vector) larvae to 11 extracts from 3 plants was assessed. Primary screening at doses of 1000, 500, 100, 50 and 5 mg/L was initially performed. At 5 mg/L, a steam-distilled extract of Callitris glaucophylla wood and a hexane extract of Khaya senegalensis seeds caused 100% mortality in Ae. aegypti while only the former caused 100% mortality in Cx. annulirostris. Secondary screening to determine LCso values for different C. glaucophylla extracts revealed the following results for Ae. aegypti and Cx. annulirostris: steam-distilled (0.69, 0.23 mg/L), liquefied refrigerant gas (5.21, 9.53 mg/L) and methanol reflux (306, 39 mg/L). LCsos for K. senegalensis against Cx. annulirostris using acetone, ethanol, hexane and methanol extracts were 20.1, 5.1, 5.1 and 7.6 mg/L, respectively. Mortality caused by carrot extracts decreased to 95% mortality at 100 mg/L. While the results for K. senegalensis are equivalent to azadirachtin, the results for C. glaucophylla are exceptional since the most active crude phytochemical extract described to date is Piper nigrum with a LCso of 2.6 mg/L. It is expected that fractionation and compound isolation will reveal a potent phytochemical that will compare to synthetic mosquitocides.

Item ID:	9364
Item Type:	Conference Item (Presentation)
Related URLs:	http://www.floridamosquito.org/Home/
Additional Information:	Conference theme "Mosquito Control Today A Better Florida Tomorrow"
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2010 03:09
FoR Codes:	11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1117 Public Health and Health Services > 111705 Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety @ 100%
SEO Codes:	92 HEALTH > 9204 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) > 920405 Environmental Health @ 100%
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