Diedrich, Amy, Bergseth, Brock, Boseto, David, Boseto, Hensllyn, Cabral, Reniel B., Cvitanovic, Christopher, Fox, Margaret, Govan, Hugh, Gurney, Georgina Grace, Kaniki, Henry V., Lalavanua, Watisoni, Lau, Jacqueline, Lawless, Sarah, Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Smith, Bethany, van der Ploeg, Jan, Veitayaki, Joeli, and Waldie, Peter (2026) Rethinking the 30 by 30 target to ensure the well-being of small-scale fishing communities. Cell Reports Sustainability, 3. 100653.

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Abstract

Target 3 of the Convention on Biological Diversity’s (CBD) Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework calls for the protection of 30% of terrestrial areas, inland waters, and marine and coastal areas through area-based conservation (protected areas and other effective conservation measures) by 2030. As we progress toward this target, there is a need to critically evaluate the potential impacts of marine area-based measures on small-scale fishing communities, whose well-being is intrinsically entwined with marine ecosystems. Drawing on case studies from the Solomon Islands, we present principles and a roadmap to guide decision-makers tasked with implementing marine area-based conservation in determining whether, where, and how these measures can be effective and equitable in the context of areas used and governed by small-scale fishers. Importantly, we argue that communities should not shoulder the burden of meeting global conservation commitments.

Item ID:	91955
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	2949-7906
Copyright Information:	© 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Date Deposited:	19 May 2026 02:03
FoR Codes:	41 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES > 4101 Climate change impacts and adaptation > 410103 Human impacts of climate change and human adaptation @ 30% 44 HUMAN SOCIETY > 4406 Human geography > 440606 Political geography @ 40% 30 AGRICULTURAL, VETERINARY AND FOOD SCIENCES > 3005 Fisheries sciences > 300505 Fisheries management @ 30%
SEO Codes:	10 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 1003 Fisheries - wild caught > 100399 Fisheries - wild caught not elsewhere classified @ 30% 18 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT > 1805 Marine systems and management > 180599 Marine systems and management not elsewhere classified @ 40% 19 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, CLIMATE CHANGE AND NATURAL HAZARDS > 1901 Adaptation to climate change > 190101 Climate change adaptation measures (excl. ecosystem) @ 30%
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