Drone surveys cause less disturbance than ground-based surveys in endangered spectacled flying-foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus)

Norris, Emmeline Bernadette Barrett (2025) Drone surveys cause less disturbance than ground-based surveys in endangered spectacled flying-foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus). Australian Mammalogy, 47 (1). AM25010.

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Abstract

Robust population estimates are critical for detecting biodiversity declines. Thermal drones offer a promising alternative to invasive, imprecise ground-based techniques for monitoring endangered spectacled flying-foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus). This study evaluated spectacled flying-fox behavioural responses to drones to address concerns that they will disturb roosting colonies. At two studied roosts, drones elicited minimal disturbance, whereas ground-based surveys triggered alarm and escape responses, particularly among unhabituated flying-foxes. These findings highlight thermal drones as a non-invasive tool for monitoring spectacled flying-foxes. Further research is needed to evaluate their accuracy and precision compared with ground counts.

Item ID: 88143
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1836-7402
Keywords: animal behaviour, Chiroptera, conservation, Old World fruit bats, Pteropodidae, RPAS, thermal infrared, UAV, wildlife monitoring
Copyright Information: © 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of the Australian Mammal Society. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Date Deposited: 26 Mar 2026 00:04
FoR Codes: 31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3103 Ecology > 310308 Terrestrial ecology @ 100%
SEO Codes: 18 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT > 1806 Terrestrial systems and management > 180606 Terrestrial biodiversity @ 100%
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