Joseph, Tomy Muringayil, Sathian, Aiswarya, Joshy, K. S., Mahapatra, Debarshi Kar, Haponiuk, Józef T., and Thomas, Sabu (2024) Chemical modifications of alginate-based biopolymers. In: Meyyarappallil Sadasivan, Sreekala, Ravindran, Lakshmipriya, Goda, Koichi, and Thomas, Sabu, (eds.) Handbook of Natural Polymers Volume 2 Functionalization Surface Modification and Properties. Elsevier, London, United Kingdom, pp. 97-122.

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Abstract

The conjugation of biopolymers with synthetic polymers has grown in popularity. Because they are biocompatible, biodegradable, made from renewable resources, and most importantly, cause no harm to the environment, polysaccharide-based biopolymers have many uses in industry. The use of biopolymers that have been functionalized via structural alterations is a relatively new area of study. It is employed to create elastomers, nanocomposites, hydrogels, and other materials of critical relevance to the food and biomedical industries by combining them with polyurethanes. Polysaccharides may be found in great quantities in marine plants and microorganisms. Alginate polymers exist in abundance in certain seaweeds. Both agarose and alginate have been synthesized using microextraction methods. Sorbents made from biopolymers have found widespread use in solid-phase microextraction processes. There are several potential uses for structurally modified alginates, including those in tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery and as fillers and viscosity-regulating agents because of the functional qualities they possess that are distinct from their natural form. Controlled degradation, cross-linking, oxidation, functional group substitution, and copolymerization are only some of the developments in alginates discussed in this chapter. This survey of potential uses for the further study of marine biomaterials provides a window into the field's promising future.

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