Rahimzadeh, Ghazal, Tay, Abdullatif, Travica, Nikolaj, Lacy, Kathleen, Mohamed, Shady, Nahavandik, Darius, Pławiak, Paweł, Chalak Qazani, Mohamad Reza, and Asadi, Houshyar (2023) Nutritional and behavioral countermeasures as medication approaches to relieve motion sickness: a comprehensive review. Nutrients, 15. 1320.

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Abstract

The mismatch in signals perceived by the vestibular and visual systems to the brain, also referred to as motion sickness syndrome, has been diagnosed as a challenging condition with no clear mechanism. Motion sickness causes undesirable symptoms during travel and in virtual environments that affect people negatively. Treatments are directed toward reducing conflicting sensory inputs, accelerating the process of adaptation, and controlling nausea and vomiting. The long-term use of current medications is often hindered by their various side effects. Hence, this review aims to identify non-pharmacological strategies that can be employed to reduce or prevent motion sickness in both real and virtual environments. Research suggests that activation of the parasympathetic nervous system using pleasant music and diaphragmatic breathing can help alleviate symptoms of motion sickness. Certain micronutrients such as hesperidin, menthol, vitamin C, and gingerol were shown to have a positive impact on alleviating motion sickness. However, the effects of macronutrients are more complex and can be influenced by factors such as the food matrix and composition. Herbal dietary formulations such as Tianxian and Tamzin were shown to be as effective as medications. Therefore, nutritional interventions along with behavioral countermeasures could be considered as inexpensive and simple approaches to mitigate motion sickness. Finally, we discussed possible mechanisms underlying these interventions, the most significant limitations, research gaps, and future research directions for motion sickness.

Item ID:	86733
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	2072-6643
Copyright Information:	© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Date Deposited:	28 Aug 2025 00:52
FoR Codes:	32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3210 Nutrition and dietetics > 321003 Nutrigenomics and personalised nutrition @ 100%
SEO Codes:	28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280112 Expanding knowledge in the health sciences @ 100%
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