Ekoko, Wolfgang Eyisap, Awono‑Ambene, Parfait, Bigoga, Jude, Mandeng, Stanislas, Piameu, Michael, Nvondo, Narcisse, Toto, Jean-Claude, Nwane, Philippe, Patchoke, Salomon, Mbakop, Lili Ranaise, Binyang, Jerome Achille, Donnelly, Martin, Kleinschmidt, Immo, Knox, Tessa, Mbida, Arthur Mbida, Dongmo, Alain, Fondjo, Etienne, Mnzava, Abraham, and Etang, Josiane (2019) Patterns of anopheline feeding/resting behaviour and Plasmodium infections in North Cameroon, 2011-2014: Implications for malaria control. Parasites and Vectors, 12. 297.

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Abstract

Background: Effective malaria control relies on evidence-based interventions. Anopheline behaviour and Plasmodium infections were investigated in North Cameroon, following long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) distribution in 2010.

Methods: During four consecutive years from 2011 to 2014, adult mosquitoes were collected indoors, outdoors and in exit traps across 38 locations in the Garoua, Pitoa and Mayo-Oulo health districts. Anophelines were morphologically and molecularly identified, then analysed for blood meal origins and Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (Pf-CSP). Blood from children under 5 years-old using LLINs was examined for Plasmodium infections.

Results: Overall, 9376 anophelines belonging to 14 species/sibling species were recorded. Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) [An. arabiensis (73.3%), An. coluzzii (17.6%) and An. gambiae (s.s.) (9.1%)] was predominant (72%), followed by An. funestus (s.l.) (20.5%) and An. rufipes (6.5%). The recorded blood meals were mainly from humans (28%), cattle (15.6%) and sheep (11.6%) or mixed (45%). Pf-CSP rates were higher indoors (3.2–5.4%) versus outdoors (0.8–2.0%), and increased yearly (χ2 < 18, df = 10, P < 0.03). Malaria prevalence in children under 5 years-old, in households using LLINs was 30% (924/3088).

Conclusions: The present study revealed the variability of malaria vector resting and feeding behaviour, and the persistence of Plasmodium infections regardless the use of LLINs. Supplementary interventions to LLINs are therefore needed to sustain malaria prevention in North Cameroon.

Item ID:	84665
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1756-3305
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?...
Copyright Information:	© The Author(s) 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creat iveco mmons.org/licen ses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Date Deposited:	20 Feb 2025 01:09
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