Abundance and distribution of marine litter on the beaches of Okinawa Island, Japan
Ilechukwu, Ifenna, Das, Rocktim Ramen, Jamodiong, Emmeline A., Borghi, Stefano, Manzano, Geminne G., Hakim, Agus Alim, and Reimer, James Davis (2024) Abundance and distribution of marine litter on the beaches of Okinawa Island, Japan. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 200. 116036.
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Abstract
This study evaluated the distribution and abundance of marine litter on 30 beaches around Okinawa Island, Japan. Beach quality indices and multivariate statistical analyses were used to assess the quality of the beaches and their pollution patterns. A total of 11,626 items weighing 513.49 kg with an average density of 0.13 ± 0.10 items/m2 were collected. Litter was dominated by plastics (81.72 %), broken glass (8.38 %), and cigarette butts (7.44 %), and 74.05 % of total litter was from land-based sources. Single-use plastics (SUPs) were present in all surveyed beaches and made up 30.54 % of the total litter. The clean coast index (CCI), plastic abundance index (PAI), and hazardous index (HI) were between 0.1 and 7.6, 0.1–4.0 and 0.01–1.42, respectively, indicating low to moderate levels of pollution of Okinawan beaches. This study should aid in the formation of strategies to deal with marine litter in Okinawa, other areas of Japan and the Asia-Pacific region.
Item ID: | 81999 |
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Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
ISSN: | 1879-3363 |
Keywords: | Cigarette butts, Clean coast index (CCI), Marine debris, Plastic bottle caps, Pollution, Single-use plastics |
Copyright Information: | © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Date Deposited: | 02 Apr 2025 03:30 |
FoR Codes: | 41 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES > 4105 Pollution and contamination > 410599 Pollution and contamination not elsewhere classified @ 100% |
SEO Codes: | 28 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 2801 Expanding knowledge > 280111 Expanding knowledge in the environmental sciences @ 100% |
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