Human strongyloidiasis: complexities and pathways forward

Buonfrate, Dora, Bradbury, Richard S., Watts, Matthew FR., and Bisoffi, Zeno (2023) Human strongyloidiasis: complexities and pathways forward. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 36 (4).

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View at Publisher Website: https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00033-23
 
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Abstract

Strongyloidiasis is a World Health Organization neglected tropical disease usually caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, a parasitic worm with a complex life cycle. Globally, 300-600 million people are infected through contact with fecally contaminated soil. An autoinfective component of the life cycle can lead to chronic infection that may be asymptomatic or cause long-term symptoms, including malnourishment in children. Low larval output can limit the sensitivity of detection in stool, with serology being effectivebut less sensitive in immunocompromise. Host immunosuppression can trigger catastrophic, fatal hyperinfection/dissemination, where large numbers of larvae pierce the bowel wall and disseminate throughout the organs. Stable disease is effectivelytreated by single-dose ivermectin, with disease in immunocompromised patients treated with multiple doses. Strategies for management include raising awareness, clarifying zoonotic potential, the development and use of effectivediagnostic tests for epidemiological studies and individual diagnosis, and the implementation of treatment programs with research into therapeutic alternatives and medication safety.

Item ID: 81803
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1098-6618
Keywords: neglected tropical diseases, soil-transmitted helminth, Strongyloides, strongyloidiasis
Copyright Information: © American Society for Microbiology
Date Deposited: 19 Mar 2024 03:00
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3207 Medical microbiology > 320704 Medical parasitology @ 80%
42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4202 Epidemiology > 420202 Disease surveillance @ 20%
SEO Codes: 20 HEALTH > 2004 Public health (excl. specific population health) > 200404 Disease distribution and transmission (incl. surveillance and response) @ 100%
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