Beni, Hamidreza Mortazavy, Mortazavi, Hamed, Scataglini, Sofia, Truijen, Steven, Islam, Mohammad S., and Paul, Gunther (2023) Fluid-Structure Interaction Modeling of Peak Expiratory-Inspiratory Flow in a Stented Upper Airway Using Experimental Data. In: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (744) pp. 106-114. From: DHM 2023: 8th International Digital Human Modeling Symposium, 4-6 September 2023, Antwerp, Belgium.

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Abstract

A precise understanding of stent deformation in the upper respiratory tract is important in analyzing critical and dangerous effects of stent displacement on suffocation. Coughing and sneezing cause significant muscular respiratory reflexes in the body. Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) from the mouth during coughing and sneezing was determined using spirometry to determine the boundary conditions for a mathematical model. Then, using the Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) method, a numerical solution for the airflow field in a 3D computed tomography (CT) scan-based upper airway model was calculated. In this model, fluid flow characteristics such as velocity and pressure were identified in various cross-sections of the upper airway. From that data, wall characteristics such as wall deformation were calculated. The maximum stent deformity, with peaks of 1.8 and 2.3 mm, occurs during coughing and sneezing, respectively, in the lower part of the stent’s connection to the tracheal wall. This deformation can be attributed to the stent’s properties with the upper respiratory system wall and the curved geometry of the trachea. Also, during Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF), the majority of fine dust particles with a diameter of 1.25 μm escape to the lung, and the majority of dust particles with a diameter larger than 1.25 μm are deposited in the upper respiratory system.

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