Scabies prevalence after ivermectin-based mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis, Samoa 2018–2019
Willis, Gabriela A., Kearns, Therese, Mayfield, Helen J., Sheridan, Sarah, Thomsen, Robert, Naseri, Take, David, Michael C., Engelman, Daniel, Steer, Andrew C., Graves, Patricia M., and Lau, Colleen L. (2023) Scabies prevalence after ivermectin-based mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis, Samoa 2018–2019. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 17 (8). e0011549.
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Abstract
Background: Scabies is a common skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabei mite. Ivermectin, one of three drugs used in mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis, is also effec-tive for treating scabies. Ivermectin-based MDA was first conducted in Samoa in August 2018, with ivermectin being offered to those aged ≥5 years. Here, we report scabies prevalence in Samoa after MDA.
Methods: We conducted household surveys 1.5–3.5 months (Survey 1) and 6–8 months (Survey 2) after the 2018 MDA in 35 primary sampling units. We conducted clinical examination for sca-bies-like rash and used International Alliance for the Control of Scabies classification crite-ria. We estimated scabies prevalence by age, gender and region. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with prevalence.
Results: We surveyed 2868 people (499 households) and 2796 people (544 households) aged 0–75 years in Surveys 1 and 2, respectively. Scabies prevalence increased from 2.4% (95% CI 2.1–2.7%) to 4.4% (95% CI 4.0–4.9%) between surveys. Scabies was associated with younger age (0–4 years: aOR 3.5 [2.9–4.2]; 5–15 years: aOR 1.6 [1.4–1.8] compared to ≥16 years), female gender (aOR 1.2 [95% CI 1.1–1.4]; region (aOR range from 1.4 [1.1– 1.7] to 2.5 [2.1–3.1] between regions), large households (aOR 2.6 [2.0–3.4] households ≥13), and not taking MDA in 2018 (aOR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1–1.6]).
Conclusions: We found moderate prevalence of scabies in two population-representative surveys conducted within 8 months of the 2018 MDA for lymphatic filariasis. Prevalence appeared to increase between the surveys, and ongoing surveillance is recommended, particularly in young children.
| Item ID: | 80526 |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 1935-2735 |
| Copyright Information: | © 2023 Willis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| Funders: | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) |
| Projects and Grants: | NHMRC APP1109035, NHMRC APP1158469 |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Feb 2024 01:48 |
| FoR Codes: | 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3207 Medical microbiology > 320704 Medical parasitology @ 33% 42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4202 Epidemiology > 420202 Disease surveillance @ 34% 45 INDIGENOUS STUDIES > 4516 Pacific Peoples health and wellbeing > 451605 Pacific Peoples epidemiology @ 33% |
| SEO Codes: | 20 HEALTH > 2005 Specific population health (excl. Indigenous health) > 200599 Specific population health (excl. Indigenous health) not elsewhere classified @ 50% 20 HEALTH > 2003 Provision of health and support services > 200303 Health surveillance @ 50% |
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