Role of Staphylococcus agnetis and Staphylococcus hyicus in the Pathogenesis of Buffalo Fly Skin Lesions in Cattle

Naseem, Muhammad Noman, Turni, Conny, Gilbert, Rosalind, Raza, Ali, Allavena, Rachel, McGowan, Michael, Constantinoiu, Constantin, Ong, Chian Teng, Tabor, Ala E., and James, Peter (2022) Role of Staphylococcus agnetis and Staphylococcus hyicus in the Pathogenesis of Buffalo Fly Skin Lesions in Cattle. Microbiology Spectrum, 10 (4). e00873-22.

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DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00873-22

View at Publisher Website: https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00873-2...

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Abstract

Buffalo flies (Haematobia irritans exigua) are hematophagous ectoparasites of cattle causing production and welfare impacts in northern Australian herds. Skin lesions associated with buffalo fly infestation and Stephanofilaria nematode infection are manifested as focal dermatitis or ulcerated areas, most commonly on the medial canthus of the eye, along the lateral and ventral neck, and on the abdomen of cattle. For closely related horn flies (Haematobia irritans irritans), Staphylococcus aureus has been suggested as a contributing factor in the development of lesions. To investigate the potential role of bacterial infection in the pathogenesis of buffalo fly lesions, swabs were taken from lesions and normal skin, and bacteria were also isolated from surface washings of buffalo flies and surface-sterilized homogenized flies. Bacterial identification was conducted by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and strain typing by repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) and DNA sequencing to determine species similarity and virulence factors. Of 50 bacterial isolates collected from lesions, 38 were identified as Staphylococcus agnetis and 12 as Staphylococcus hyicus, whereas four isolates from normal skin were S. hyicus and one was Mammaliicoccus sciuri. Of the Staphylococcus isolates isolated from buffalo flies, five were identified as S. agnetis and three as S. hyicus. Fifty percent of the buffalo fly isolates had rep-PCR genotypic patterns identical to those of the lesion isolates. Genome sequencing of 16 S. agnetis and four S. hyicus isolates revealed closely similar virulence factor profiles, with all isolates possessing exfoliative toxin A and C genes. The findings from this study suggest the involvement of S. agnetis and S. hyicus in buffalo fly lesion pathogenesis. This should be taken into account in the development of effective treatment and control strategies for lesions.


Item ID:	75615
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	2165-0497
Keywords:	Staphylococcus agnetis, Staphylococcus hyicus, Haematobia, buffalo fly lesions, cattle, exfoliative toxin
Copyright Information:	© 2022 Naseem et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Research Data:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2022 08:02
FoR Codes:	30 AGRICULTURAL, VETERINARY AND FOOD SCIENCES > 3009 Veterinary sciences > 300909 Veterinary parasitology @ 30% 30 AGRICULTURAL, VETERINARY AND FOOD SCIENCES > 3009 Veterinary sciences > 300903 Veterinary bacteriology @ 30% 31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3107 Microbiology > 310701 Bacteriology @ 40%
SEO Codes:	10 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 1004 Livestock raising > 100401 Beef cattle @ 50% 10 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 1004 Livestock raising > 100402 Dairy cattle @ 50%
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