Comparison of intra‑articular administration of adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium solution and tranexamic acid for alleviating postoperative inflammation and joint fibrosis in an experimental model of knee arthroplasty
Morris, Jodie L., Letson, Hayley L., McEwen, Peter, Biros, Erik, Dlaska, Constantin, Hazratwala, Kaushik, Wilkinson, Matthew, and Dobson, Geoffrey P. (2021) Comparison of intra‑articular administration of adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium solution and tranexamic acid for alleviating postoperative inflammation and joint fibrosis in an experimental model of knee arthroplasty. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 16. 726.
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Abstract
Background: Dysregulated inflammatory responses are implicated in the pathogenesis of joint stiffness and arthrofibrosis following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intra-articular (IA) administration of tranexamic acid (TXA), an anti-fibrinolytic commonly used in TKA, and ALM chondroprotective solution on postoperative inflammation and joint tissue healing in a rat model of knee implant surgery.
Methods: Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 24) were randomly divided into TXA or ALM treatment groups. The right knee of each rat was implanted with titanium (femur) and polyethylene (tibia) implants. An IA bolus (0.1 ml) of TXA or ALM was administered after implantation and capsule closure, and before skin closure. Postoperative coagulopathy, haematology and systemic inflammatory changes were assessed. Inflammatory and fibrotic markers were assessed in joint tissue, 28 days after surgery.
Results: Haemostasis was comparable in animals treated with TXA or ALM after knee implant surgery. In contrast to ALM-treated animals, systemic inflammatory markers remained elevated at day 5 (IL-6, IL-12, IL-10, platelet count) and day 28 (IL-1β, IL-10) following surgery in TXA-treated animals. At day 28 following surgery, the extension range of motion of operated knees was 1.7-fold higher for ALM-treated animals compared to the TXA group. Key inflammatory mediators (NF-κB, IL-12, IL-2), immune cell infiltration (CD68+ cells) and markers of fibrosis (α-SMA, TGF-β) were also lower in capsular tissue of ALM-treated knees at day 28.
Conclusion: Data suggest that IA administration of ALM is superior to TXA for reducing postoperative systemic and joint inflammation and promoting restoration of healthy joint tissue architecture in a rat model of TKA. Further studies are warranted to assess the clinical translational potential of ALM IA solution to improve patient outcomes following arthroplasty.
| Item ID: | 71197 |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 1749-799X |
| Keywords: | Total knee arthroplasty, Stiffness, Arthrofibrosis, Inflammation, Tranexamic acid |
| Copyright Information: | © The Author(s) 2021. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
| Funders: | Australian Orthopaedic Association Research Foundation (AOA), Townsville Hospital and Health Service Study, Education and Research (SERTA) |
| Projects and Grants: | AOA 2017-123, AOA 2017-06 |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2022 22:45 |
| FoR Codes: | 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320216 Orthopaedics @ 100% |
| SEO Codes: | 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200105 Treatment of human diseases and conditions @ 40% 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200104 Prevention of human diseases and conditions @ 10% 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200102 Efficacy of medications @ 50% |
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