Prevalence of substandard amoxicillin oral dosage forms in the National Capital District of Papua New Guinea

Robertson, Sherryl G., Hehonah, Naomi T., Mayaune, Rose D., and Glass, Beverley D. (2021) Prevalence of substandard amoxicillin oral dosage forms in the National Capital District of Papua New Guinea. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 105 (1). pp. 238-244.

[img]
Preview
PDF (Published Version) - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.

Download (291kB) | Preview
View at Publisher Website: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-1570
 
2
704


Abstract

Antibiotics are commonly reported as being substandard or falsified in low- to middle-income countries, having potential to contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance and drug-resistant infections. Amoxicillin, used to treat a number of infections and listed by the WHO as an essential medicine, presented as a good drug candidate for this study. We aimed to measure the prevalence of substandard and falsified amoxicillin oral products (tablets, capsules, and suspensions) in the National Capital District of Papua New Guinea (PNG). These oral products were surveyed in 2018 and 2019 from retail pharmacies, private and public health facilities, and the Area Medical Store, representing more than 90% of licensed medicine outlets. The product packaging was visually inspected, and the samples were analyzed for amoxicillin content using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. Although no falsified products were identified, 15% of the 190 products analyzed contained substandard amounts of amoxicillin. Quality varied with the dosage form (P = 0.002), with capsules exhibiting the lowest incidence of substandard content (4% in 2019) and tablets collected in 2018 experiencing the highest failure rate (50%). Suspension (40%) quality was compromised by failure to achieve homogeneity on reconstitution. A higher incidence of substandard content (P = 0.002) was associated with one major retail group. Routine testing of medicines by resource-poor countries is often unachievable, leading to the circulation of poor quality drugs, which is a global public health concern. Our study highlighted that substandard amoxicillin oral products are indeed prevalent in the NCD of PNG.

Item ID: 70285
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1476-1645
Copyright Information: Copyright © 2021 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funders: James Cook University (JCU)
Date Deposited: 30 Mar 2022 03:31
Downloads: Total: 704
Last 12 Months: 5
More Statistics

Actions (Repository Staff Only)

Item Control Page Item Control Page