Nidoviruses in Reptiles: A Review
Parrish, Kate, Kirkland, Peter D., Skerratt, Lee F., and Ariel, Ellen (2021) Nidoviruses in Reptiles: A Review. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8. 733404.
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Abstract
Since their discovery in 2014, reptile nidoviruses (also known as serpentoviruses) have emerged as significant pathogens worldwide. They are known for causing severe and often fatal respiratory disease in various captive snake species, especially pythons. Related viruses have been detected in other reptiles with and without respiratory disease, including captive and wild populations of lizards, and wild populations of freshwater turtles. There are many opportunities to better understand the viral diversity, species susceptibility, and clinical presentation in different species in this relatively new field of research. In captive snake collections, reptile nidoviruses can spread quickly and be associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet the potential disease risk to wild reptile populations remains largely unknown, despite reptile species declining on a global scale. Experimental studies or investigations of disease outbreaks in wild reptile populations are scarce, leaving the available literature limited mostly to exploring findings of naturally infected animals in captivity. Further studies into the pathogenesis of different reptile nidoviruses in a variety of reptile species is required to explore the complexity of disease and routes of transmission. This review focuses on the biology of these viruses, hosts and geographic distribution, clinical signs and pathology, laboratory diagnosis and management of reptile nidovirus infections to better understand nidovirus infections in reptiles.
Item ID: | 70115 |
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Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
ISSN: | 2297-1769 |
Keywords: | infectious disease, nidovirus, reptile, respiratory disease, serpentovirus, taxonomy |
Copyright Information: | © 2021 Parrish, Kirkland, Skerratt and Ariel. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
Funders: | James Cook University (JCU) |
Date Deposited: | 30 Mar 2022 01:21 |
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