Effect of omega-3 supplementation on self-regulation in typically developing preschool-aged children: Results of the omega kid pilot study—a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Roach, Lauren A., Byrne, Mitchell K., Howard, Steven J., Johnstone, Stuart J., Batterham, Marijka, Wright, Ian M.R., Okely, Anthony D., de Groot, Renate H.M., van der Wurff, Inge S.M., Jones, Alison L., and Meyer, Barbara J. (2021) Effect of omega-3 supplementation on self-regulation in typically developing preschool-aged children: Results of the omega kid pilot study—a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrients, 13 (10). 3561.
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Abstract
Supplementation of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) may enhance self-regulation (SR) and executive functioning (EF) in children of preschool age. The aim of the Omega Kid Study was to investigate the effect of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation on SR and EF in typically developing preschool-aged children. A double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial was undertaken, the intervention was 12 weeks and consisted of 1.6 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day compared to placebo. The HS-Omega-3 Index® was assessed by capillary blood samples at baseline and post-intervention. Seventy-eight children were enrolled and randomised to either the n-3 LCPUFA treatment (n = 39) or placebo (n = 39) group. Post intervention, there was a significant three-fold increase in the HS-Omega-3 Index® in the n-3 LCPUFA group (p < 0.001). There were no improvements in SR or EF outcome variables for the n-3 LCPUFA group post intervention compared to the placebo group determined by linear mixed models. At baseline, there were significant modest positive Spearman correlations found between the HS-Omega-3 index® and both behavioural self-regulation and cognitive self-regulation (r = 0.287, p = 0.015 and r = 0.242, p = 0.015 respectively). Although no treatment effects were found in typically developing children, further research is required to target children with sub-optimal self-regulation who may benefit most from n-3 LCPUFA supplementation.
Item ID: | 70054 |
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Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
Keywords: | Executive function, HS-Omega-3 Index®, N-3 LCPUFAs, Preschool-aged children, Self-regulation |
Copyright Information: | © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
Date Deposited: | 05 Apr 2022 23:45 |
FoR Codes: | 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3213 Paediatrics > 321302 Infant and child health @ 100% |
SEO Codes: | 20 HEALTH > 2005 Specific population health (excl. Indigenous health) > 200506 Neonatal and child health @ 100% |
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