Treatment and long-term outcome in primary distal renal tubular acidosis

Lopez-Garcia, Sergio Camilo, Emma, Francesco, Walsh, Stephen B., Fila, Marc, Hooman, Nakysa, Zaniew, Marcin, Bertholet-Thomas, Aurélia, Colussi, Giacomo, Burgmaier, Kathrin, Levtchenko, Elena, Sharma, Jyoti, Singhal, Jyoti, Soliman, Neveen A., Ariceta, Gema, Basu, Biswanath, Murer, Luisa, Tasic, Velibor, Tsygin, Alexey, Decramer, Stéphane, Gil-Peña, Helena, Koster-Kamphuis, Linda, La Scola, Claudio, Gellermann, Jutta, Konrad, Martin, Lilien, Marc, Francisco, Telma, Tramma, Despoina, Trnka, Peter, Yüksel, Selçuk, Caruso, Maria Rosa, Chromek, Milan, Ekinci, Zelal, Gambaro, Giovanni, Kari, Jameela A., König, Jens, Taroni, Francesca, Thumfart, Julia, Trepiccione, Francesco, Winding, Louise, Wühl, Elke, Ağbaş, Ayşe, Belkevich, Anna, Vargas-Poussou, Rosa, Blanchard, Anne, Conti, Giovanni, Boyer, Olivia, Dursun, Ismail, Pınarbaşı, Ayşe Seda, Melek, Engin, Miglinas, Marius, Novo, Robert, Mallett, Andrew, Milosevic, Danko, Szczepanska, Maria, Wente, Sarah, Cheong, Hae Il, Sinha, Rajiv, Gucev, Zoran, Dufek, Stephanie, Iancu, Daniela, European dRTA Consortium, , Kleta, Robert, Schaefer, Franz, and Bockenhauer, Detlef (2019) Treatment and long-term outcome in primary distal renal tubular acidosis. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 34 (6). pp. 981-991.

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Abstract

Background: Primary distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a rare disorder, and we aimed to gather data on treatment and long-term outcome.

Methods: We contacted paediatric and adult nephrologists through European professional organizations. Responding clinicians entered demographic, biochemical, genetic and clinical data in an online form.

Results: Adequate data were collected on 340 patients (29 countries, female 52%). Mutation testing had been performed on 206 patients (61%); pathogenic mutations were identified in 170 patients (83%). The median (range) presentation age was 0.5 (0–54) years and age at last follow-up was 11.0 (0–70.0) years. Adult height was slightly below average with a mean (SD score) of −0.57 (±1.16). There was an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage ≥2 in children (35%) and adults (82%). Nephrocalcinosis was reported in 88%. Nephrolithiasis was more common with SLC4A1 mutations (42% versus 21%). Thirty-six percent had hearing loss, particularly in ATP6V1B1 (88%). The median (interquartile range) prescribed dose of alkali (mEq/kg/day) was 1.9 (1.2–3.3). Adequate metabolic control (normal plasma bicarbonate and normocalciuria) was achieved in 158 patients (51%), more commonly in countries with higher gross domestic product (67% versus 23%), and was associated with higher height and estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Conclusion: Long-term follow-up from this large dRTA cohort shows an overall favourable outcome with normal adult height for most and no patient with CKD Stage 5. However, 82% of adult patients have CKD Stages 2–4. Importance of adequate metabolic control was highlighted by better growth and renal function but was achieved in only half of patients.

Item ID: 67868
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1460-2385
Keywords: chronic kidney disease, distal renal tubular acidosis, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, sensorineural hearing loss
Copyright Information: © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved.
Additional Information:

Additional members of the European dRTA Consortium are listed in the Acknowledgements

Date Deposited: 05 Jul 2022 04:19
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320213 Medical genetics (excl. cancer genetics) @ 30%
32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320214 Nephrology and urology @ 70%
SEO Codes: 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200105 Treatment of human diseases and conditions @ 100%
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