Molnár, Petra, Orbán, Ágnes, Izrael, Richard, Babai, Réka, Marton, Lívia, Butykai, Ádám, Karl, Stephan, Vértessy, Beáta G., and Kézsmárki, István (2020) Rapid and quantitative antimalarial drug efficacy testing via the magneto-optical detection of hemozoin. Scientific Reports, 10. 14025.

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Abstract

Emergence of resistant Plasmodium species makes drug efficacy testing a crucial part of malaria control. Here we describe a novel assay for sensitive, fast and simple drug screening via the magneto-optical detection of hemozoin, a natural biomarker formed during the hemoglobin metabolism of Plasmodium species. By quantifying hemozoin production over the intraerythrocytic cycle, we reveal that hemozoin formation is already initiated by ~ 6–12 h old ring-stage parasites. We demonstrate that the new assay is capable of drug efficacy testing with incubation times as short as 6–10 h, using synchronized P. falciparum 3D7 cultures incubated with chloroquine, piperaquine and dihydroartemisinin. The determined 50% inhibitory concentrations agree well with values established by standard assays requiring significantly longer testing time. Accordingly, we conclude that magneto-optical hemozoin detection provides a practical approach for the quick assessment of drug effect with short incubation times, which may also facilitate stage-specific assessment of drug inhibitory effects.

Item ID:	67096
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	2045-2322
Keywords:	Biological physics, Diagnostic markers, Diagnostics Malaria, Parasite biology
Copyright Information:	© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Funders:	National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary (NRDI), Biomedical engineering (BME) - Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (BN), National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Projects and Grants:	NRDI K119493, NRDI 2017-1.3.1-VKE-2017-00002, NRDI 2017-1.3.1-VKE-2017-00013, NRDI VEKOP-2.3.2-16-2017-00013, NRDI NKP-2018-1.2.1-NKP-2018-00005, BME-BN Grant BME FIKP-BIO, BME-BN Grant BME FIKP-NAT, NHMRC Career Development Fellowship (GNT 1141441)
Date Deposited:	09 Mar 2021 22:31
FoR Codes:	42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4203 Health services and systems > 420310 Health surveillance @ 25% 42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4203 Health services and systems > 420319 Primary health care @ 25% 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3206 Medical biotechnology > 320602 Medical biotechnology diagnostics (incl. biosensors) @ 50%
SEO Codes:	20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200101 Diagnosis of human diseases and conditions @ 100%
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