The 4-Hour Cairns Sepsis Model: a novel approach to predicting sepsis mortality at intensive care unit admission

Hargovan, Satyen, Gunnarsson, Ronny, Carter, Angus, De Costa, Alan, Brooks, James, Groch, Taissa, and Sivalingam, Sayonne (2021) The 4-Hour Cairns Sepsis Model: a novel approach to predicting sepsis mortality at intensive care unit admission. Australian Critical Care, 34 (6). pp. 552-560.

[img]
Preview
PDF (Accepted Publisher Version) - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives.

Download (320kB) | Preview
View at Publisher Website: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2020.12.0...
 
1
646


Abstract

Background: Sepsis commonly causes intensive care unit (ICU) mortality, yet early identification of adults with sepsis at risk of dying in the ICU remains a challenge.

Objective: The aim of the study was to derive a mortality prediction model (MPM) to assist ICU clinicians and researchers as a clinical decision support tool for adults with sepsis within 4 h of ICU admission.

Methods: A cohort study was performed using 500 consecutive admissions between 2014 and 2018 to an Australian tertiary ICU, who were aged ≥18 years and had sepsis. A total of 106 independent variables were assessed against ICU episode-of-care mortality. Multivariable backward stepwise logistic regression derived an MPM, which was assessed on discrimination, calibration, fit, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values and bootstrapped.

Results: The average cohort age was 58 years, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III-j severity score was 72, and the case fatality rate was 12%. The 4-Hour Cairns Sepsis Model (CSM-4) consists of age, history of renal disease, number of vasopressors, Glasgow Coma Scale, lactate, bicarbonate, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, and magnesium with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90 (95% confidence interval = 0.84–0.95, p < 0.00001), a Nagelkerke R2 of 0.51, specificity of 0.94, a negative predictive value of 0.98, and almost identical odds ratios during bootstrapping. The CSM-4 outperformed existing MPMs tested on our data set. The CSM-4 also performed similar to existing MPMs in their derivation papers whilst using fewer, routinely collected, and inexpensive variables.

Conclusions: The CSM-4 is a newly derived MPM for adults with sepsis at ICU admission. It displays excellent discrimination, calibration, fit, specificity, negative predictive value, and bootstrapping values whilst being easy to use and inexpensive. External validation is required.

Item ID: 65973
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1878-1721
Keywords: Clinical decision support tool; ICU mortality; Intensive care; Mortality prediction model; Risk stratification; Sepsis
Related URLs:
Copyright Information: © 2021 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Research Data: https://authors.elsevier.com/sd/article/S1036-7314(20)30367-2
Date Deposited: 09 Feb 2021 01:49
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320212 Intensive care @ 100%
SEO Codes: 20 HEALTH > 2001 Clinical health > 200105 Treatment of human diseases and conditions @ 100%
Downloads: Total: 646
Last 12 Months: 91
More Statistics

Actions (Repository Staff Only)

Item Control Page Item Control Page