Lower extremity amputations and long-term outcomes in diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review
Rathnayake, Ayeshmanthe, Saboo, Apoorva, Malabu, Usman H., and Falhammar, Henrik (2020) Lower extremity amputations and long-term outcomes in diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review. World Journal of Diabetes, 11 (9). pp. 391-399.
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus causes a large majority of non-traumatic major and minor amputations globally. Patients with diabetes are clinically complex with a multifactorial association between diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and subsequent lower extremity amputations (LEA). Few studies show the long-term outcomes within the cohort of DFU-associated LEA.
Aim: To highlight the long-term outcomes of LEA as a result of DFU.
Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar were searched for key terms, "diabetes", "foot ulcers", "amputations" and "outcomes". Outcomes such as mortality, re-amputation, re-ulceration and functional impact were recorded. Peer-reviewed studies with adult patients who had DFU, subsequent amputation and follow up of at least 1 year were included. Non-English language articles or studies involving children were excluded.
Results: A total of 22 publications with a total of 2334 patients were selected against the inclusion criteria for review. The weighted mean of re-amputation was 20.14%, 29.63% and 45.72% at 1, 3 and 5 years respectively. The weighted mean of mortality at 1, 3 and 5 years were 13.62%, 30.25% and 50.55% respectively with significantly higher rates associated with major amputation, re-amputation and ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Conclusion: Previous LEA, level of the LEA and patient comorbidities were significant risk factors contributing to re-ulceration, re-amputation, mortality and depreciated functional status.
| Item ID: | 65095 |
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| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 1948-9358 |
| Keywords: | Lower extremity amputations; Long-term outcomes; Diabetic foot ulcers; Quality of life; Re-amputation; Diabetes |
| Copyright Information: | Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Nov 2020 04:09 |
| FoR Codes: | 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1103 Clinical Sciences > 110306 Endocrinology @ 100% |
| SEO Codes: | 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920104 Diabetes @ 100% |
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