Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo, Alvarez, Cristian, Gentil, Paulo, Loturco, Irineu, Sanchez-Sanchez, Javier, Izquierdo, Mikel, Moran, Jason, Nakamura, Fabio Y., Chaabene, Helmi, and Granacher, Urs (2020) Sequencing effects of plyometric training applied before or after regular soccer training on measures of physical fitness in young players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34 (7). pp. 1959-1966.

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Abstract

To compare the effects of short-term (i.e., 7 weeks) plyometric jump training applied before (PJT-B) or after (PJT-A) soccer practice on components of physical fitness in young soccer players, a single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Postpubertal boys aged 17.0 +/- 0.5 years were allocated to 3 groups: PJT-B (n= 12), PJT-A (n= 14), and control (CON;n= 12). The outcome measures included tests to evaluate 20-m speed, standing long jump (SLJ), squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and drop jump (DJ), 20-m multistage shuttle run endurance (MSSRT), and Illinois change-of-direction speed (ICODT). Although the CON performed soccer-specific training, the PJT-A and PJT-B groups conducted the same soccer-specific sessions but replaced similar to 11% of their time with plyometric training. The PJT-B group performed plyometric exercises after a warm-up program, and the PJT-A group conducted plyometric exercises similar to 10 minutes after the completion of soccer training. Analyses of variance were used to detect differences between groups in all variables for pretraining and posttraining tests. Main effects of time (allp< 0.01;d= 0.19-0.79) and group x time interactions (allp <= 0.05;d= 0.17-0.76) were observed for all examined variables. Post hoc analyses revealed significant increases in the PJT-B group (SLJ: 9.4%,d= 1.7; CMJ: 11.2%,d= 0.75; 20-m MSSRT: 9.0%,d= 0.77) and the PJT-A group (SLJ: 3.1%,d= 0.7; CMJ: 4.9%,d= 0.27; 20-m MSSRT: 9.0%,d= 0.76). Post hoc analyses also revealed significant increases in the PJT-B group (20-m speed: -7.4%,d= 0.75; 20-cm DJ reactive strength index: 19.1%,d= 1.4; SJ: 6.3%,d= 0.44; ICODT results: -4.2%,d= 1.1). In general, our study revealed that plyometric training is effective in improving measures of physical fitness in young male soccer players when combined with regular soccer training. More specifically, larger training-induced effects on physical fitness were registered if plyometric training was conducted before soccer-specific training.

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