Papuan mitochondrial genomes and the settlement of Sahul
Pedro, Nicole, Brucato, Nicholas, Fernandes, Veronica, André, Mathilde, Saag, Lauri, Pomat, William, Besse, Céline, Boland, Anne, Deleuze, Jean-François, Clarkson, Chris, Sudoyo, Herawati, Metspalu, Mait, Stoneking, Mark, Cox, Murray, Leavesley, Matthew, Pereira, Luisa, and Ricaut, François-Xavier (2020) Papuan mitochondrial genomes and the settlement of Sahul. Journal of Human Genetics, 65. pp. 875-887.
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Abstract
New Guineans represent one of the oldest locally continuous populations outside Africa, harboring among the greatest linguistic and genetic diversity on the planet. Archeological and genetic evidence suggest that their ancestors reached Sahul (present day New Guinea and Australia) by at least 55,000 years ago (kya). However, little is known about this early settlement phase or subsequent dispersal and population structuring over the subsequent period of time. Here we report 379 complete Papuan mitochondrial genomes from across Papua New Guinea, which allow us to reconstruct the phylogenetic and phylogeographic history of northern Sahul. Our results support the arrival of two groups of settlers in Sahul within the same broad time window (50–65 kya), each carrying a different set of maternal lineages and settling Northern and Southern Sahul separately. Strong geographic structure in northern Sahul remains visible today, indicating limited dispersal over time despite major climatic, cultural, and historical changes. However, following a period of isolation lasting nearly 20 ky after initial settlement, environmental changes postdating the Last Glacial Maximum stimulated diversification of mtDNA lineages and greater interactions within and beyond Northern Sahul, to Southern Sahul, Wallacea and beyond. Later, in the Holocene, populations from New Guinea, in contrast to those of Australia, participated in early interactions with incoming Asian populations from Island Southeast Asia and continuing into Oceania.
| Item ID: | 63402 |
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| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 1435-232X |
| Copyright Information: | © The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
| Funders: | French Ministry of Research and Education (FMRE), French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (FMFEA), French Embassy in Papua New Guinea, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (AVHF), Max Planck Society (MPS), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal (FCT) |
| Projects and Grants: | FMRE grant ANR-14-CE31–0013–01 (OCEOADAPTO), FMFEA (French Prehistoric Mission in Papua New Guinea, AVHF fellowship, FCT (POCI-01–0145-FEDER-016609) |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jun 2020 04:43 |
| FoR Codes: | 45 INDIGENOUS STUDIES > 4513 Pacific Peoples culture, language and history > 451301 Archaeology of New Guinea and Pacific Islands (excl. New Zealand) @ 30% 43 HISTORY, HERITAGE AND ARCHAEOLOGY > 4301 Archaeology > 430101 Archaeological science @ 20% 31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3105 Genetics > 310501 Anthropological genetics @ 50% |
| SEO Codes: | 95 CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING > 9505 Understanding Past Societies > 950599 Understanding Past Societies not elsewhere classified @ 100% |
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