Dengue seroprevalence in a cohort of schoolchildren and their siblings in Yucatan, Mexico (2015-2016)

Pavía-Ruz, Norma, Barrera-Fuentes, Gloria Abigail, Villanueva-Jorge, Salha, Che-Mendoza, Azael, Campuzano-Rincón, Julio César, Manrique-Saide, Pablo, Rojas, Diana Patricia, Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo M., Halloran, M. Elizabeth, Longini, Ira M., and Gómez-Dantés, Héctor (2018) Dengue seroprevalence in a cohort of schoolchildren and their siblings in Yucatan, Mexico (2015-2016). PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 12 (11). e0006748.

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Abstract

Background: The implementation of vector control interventions and potential introduction new tools requires baseline data to evaluate their direct and indirect effects. The objective of the study is to present the seroprevalence of dengue infection in a cohort of children 0 to 15 years old followed during 2015 to 2016, the risk factors and the role of enhanced surveillance strategies in three urban sites (Merida, Ticul and Progreso) in Yucatan, Mexico.

Methods: A cohort of school children and their family members was randomly selected in three urban areas with different demographic, social conditions and levels of transmission. We included results from 1,844 children aged 0 to 15 years. Serum samples were tested for IgG, NS1 and IgM. Enhanced surveillance strategies were established in schools (absenteeism) and cohort families (toll-free number).

Results: Seroprevalence in children 0 to 15 years old was 46.8 (CI 95% 44.1–49.6) with no difference by sex except in Ticul. Prevalence increased with age and was significantly lower in 0 to 5 years old (26.9%, 95% CI:18.4–35.4) compared with 6 to 8 years old (43.9%, 95% CI:40.1–47.7) and 9 to 15 years old (61.4%, 95% CI:58.0–64.8). Sharing the domestic space with other families increased the risk 1.7 times over the individual families that own or rented their house, while risk was significantly higher when kitchen and bathroom were outside. Complete protection with screens in doors and windows decreased risk of infection. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in the medium and high risk areas.

Conclusions: The prevalence of antibodies in children 0 to 15 years in three urban settings in the state of Yucatan describe the high exposure and the heterogenous transmission of dengue virus by risk areas and between schools in the study sites. The enhanced surveillance strategy was useful to improve detection of dengue cases with the coincident transmission of chikungunya and Zika viruses.

Item ID: 60725
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1935-2735
Copyright Information: Copyright: © 2018 Pavía-Ruz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funders: Sanofi-Pasteur Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH NIAID), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Projects and Grants: Sanofi-Pasteur Laboratories DNG25, NIH NIAID R37 AI032042, NIGMS NIH U54 GM111274
Date Deposited: 29 Oct 2019 00:52
FoR Codes: 42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4202 Epidemiology > 420202 Disease surveillance @ 50%
32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320211 Infectious diseases @ 50%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9204 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) > 920404 Disease Distribution and Transmission (incl. Surveillance and Response) @ 100%
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