Humphreys, Mitchell T., Ginger, John D., and Henderson, David J. (2019) Internal pressures in a full-scale test enclosure with windward wall openings. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 189. pp. 118-124.

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Abstract

A single opening on the windward wall of a building often contributes to the critical wind loading structural design criterion. This paper describes internal pressure fluctuations in a sealed Full-Scale Test Enclosure for a range of single openings configurations induced by atmospheric wind flow, to understand the influence single opening size (i.e. S*) has on the design internal pressure. The internal pressure fluctuations are shown to be influenced by the size of the opening (S*), Helmholtz resonance was observed for S* > 0.8. Peak and standard deviation internal pressures are amplified by about 5% as S* > 0.8. Internal pressure fluctuations are attenuated when S* < 0.5. An analysis in this study shows loss coefficients CL increasing with increasing opening area (0.8 < S* < 4) between 10 to and 20, and inertial coefficients CI between 1.4 to and 1.5. Multiple small openings on a single wall representative of background porosity (or envelope leakage) restricts the flow in and out of the building, damping the internal pressure fluctuations and reduces the peak internal pressure.

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