The concentration of ethanol affects its penetration rate in bovine cardiac and hepatic tissues

Dunster-Jones, Matthew, Steicke, Michelle, Mackie, James, Guthrie, Rachel, Nguyen Dinh, Tam, Ahmady, Fahima, Golledge, Jonathan, and Wang, Yutang (2018) The concentration of ethanol affects its penetration rate in bovine cardiac and hepatic tissues. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica, 56 (2). pp. 92-97.

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View at Publisher Website: https://doi.org/10.5603/FHC.a2018.0009
 
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Abstract

Introduction: Ethanol is a commonly used fixative. Fixation of the inner layers of the tissue depends on the ability of the fixative to diffuse into the tissue. It is unknown whether the concentration of ethanol affects its penetration into tissues. This study aimed to compare the penetration rates of 50% and 100% ethanol into bovine heart and liver tissues.

Materials and methods: The penetration distance and tissue shrinkage or expansion were measured by analysing the digital images of the heart and liver tissues before and after immersion in ethanol at 20 degrees C for 2, 6, 24 or 30 hours. The penetration coefficients were calculated as the slope of the regression line using the linear regression function between the penetration distance and square root of fixation time. Differences in tissue shrinkage or expansion and penetration distance at various time points between the two concentrations of ethanol were analysed using a mixed design ANOVA followed by Bonferroni' spost-hoc test.

Results: The penetration distance of 100% ethanol was significantly greater in both heart and liver tissues compared with that of 50% ethanol (n = 4, p < 0.05 for both). 100% ethanol shrank immersed liver tissue significantly more than 50% ethanol (p = 0.002), but the shrinkage of the heart tissue caused by two concentrations of ethanol did not significantly differ (p = 0.054). The greater penetration distance of 100% over 50% ethanol remained unchanged after normalising the penetration distance to the individual tissue's shrinkage (n = 4, p < 0.001). The mean penetration coefficient of 100% ethanol was significantly greater than 50% ethanol in the heart tissue (0.906 vs. 0.442, p = 0.003) and in the liver tissue (0.988 vs. 0.622, p = 0.028).

Conclusions: It was proven that in two types of tissue that substantially differ in histological structures, 100% ethanol penetrated tissue significantly faster than 50% ethanol.

Item ID: 54574
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1897-5631
Keywords: fixative, ethanol, concentration, penetration coefficient, penetration rate
Copyright Information: ©Polish Society for Histochemistry and Cytochemistry Articles published on-line are open access and available under Creative Common Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially.
Funders: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Projects and Grants: NHMRC 1062671
Date Deposited: 18 Jul 2018 07:35
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3202 Clinical sciences > 320299 Clinical sciences not elsewhere classified @ 100%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920199 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) not elsewhere classified @ 100%
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