Eyles, Darryl W., Smith, Steven, Kinobe, Robert, Hewison, Martin, and Mcgrath, John (2005) Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1α-hydroxylase in human brain. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, 29 (1). pp. 21-30.

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Abstract

Despite a growing body of evidence that Vitamin D is involved in mammalian brain functioning, there has been a lack of direct evidence about its role in the human brain. This paper reports, for the first time, the distribution of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR), and 1α-hydroxylase (1α-OHase), the enzyme responsible for the formation of the active vitamin in the human brain. The receptor and the enzyme were found in both neurons and glial cells in a regional and layer-specific pattern. The VDR was restricted to the nucleus whilst 1α-OHase was distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The distribution of the VDR in human brain was strikingly similar to that reported in rodents. Many regions contained equivalent amounts of both the VDR and 1α-OHase, however the macrocellular cells within the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) and the Purkinje cells in the cerebellum expressed 1α-OHase in the absence of VDR. The strongest immunohistochemical staining for both the receptor and enzyme was in the hypothalamus and in the large (presumably dopaminergic) neurons within the substantia nigra. The observed distribution of the VDR is consistent with the proposal that Vitamin D operates in a similar fashion to the known neurosteroids. The widespread distribution of 1α-OHase and the VDR suggests that Vitamin D may have autocrine/paracrine properties in the human brain.

Item ID:	53315
Item Type:	Article (Research - C1)
ISSN:	1873-6300
Keywords:	vitamin D; neurosteoids; 1α-hydroxylase; human brain; brain development
Funders:	Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation (SCVCF), Stanley Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2018 23:22
FoR Codes:	11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1101 Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > 110107 Metabolic Medicine @ 100%
SEO Codes:	92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920199 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) not elsewhere classified @ 100%
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