Pai, Saparna, Hickey, Michael J., and Weninger, Wolfgang (2017) Editorial: Inflammation in the CNS: advancing the field using intravital imaging. Frontiers in Immunology, 8. 1155.

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Abstract

[Extract] Inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) contributes to a diverse array of life-threatening and debilitating conditions. These include autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), progressive degenerative conditions [Alzheimer’s disease (AD)], sterile inflammation as occurs in stroke/cerebral ischaemia, and inflammation stemming from parasitic, fungal, viral, and bacterial infections. Whilst recent developments have led to improved outcomes in some of these conditions, most notably MS (1), there remains concerns with these approaches (2). Furthermore, there is an increasing prevalence of AD and stroke among the ageing population in the developed world, whilst in sub-Saharan Africa, cerebral malaria remains a major cause of mortality. These factors mandate a greater understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms in the CNS associated with these conditions. As is the case with all inflammation, inflammatory responses in the CNS involve immune cell entry/migration, complex interplay between resident and circulating immune cells, parenchymal cells, the cellular constituents of the CNS microvasculature, and alterations in immune cell function.

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