Windsor, Mark T., Bailey, Tom G., Perissiou, Maria, Greaves, Kym, Jha, Pankaj, Leicht, Anthony S., Russell, Fraser D., Golledge, Jonathan, and Askew, Christopher D. (2018) Acute inflammatory responses to exercise in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50 (4). pp. 649-658.

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Abstract

Purpose: Inflammation and extracellular matrix degeneration contribute to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. We aimed to assess the effect of exercise intensity on circulating biomarkers of inflammation and extracellular matrix degeneration in patients with AAA and healthy older adults.

Methods: Twenty patients with AAA (74±6y) and twenty healthy males (72±5y) completed moderate-intensity cycling at 40% peak power output (PPO), higher-intensity intervals at 70% PPO, and control (rest) on separate days. Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were analysed at rest, and 0 to 90 min post.

Results: Biomarkers at baseline were similar between groups. IL-6 responses to exercise were similar between groups, with a greater increase in ΔIL-6 after moderate-intensity compared to higher-intensity exercise (P<0.001). Delta MMP-9 showed a 118 ng/ml (95% CI, 23 to 214, P=0.02) greater increase immediately after higher-intensity exercise compared to changes in control in both groups. Delta MMP-9 then decreased by 114 ng/ml (18 to 211, P=0.02) 90 min after higher-intensity exercise compared to the changes in control. Delta TNF-α was not different between protocols in healthy adults. In patients with AAA, delta TNF-α showed a greater decrease after higher-intensity compared to moderate-intensity exercise (-6.1 pg/ml, -8.5 to -3.6, P<0.001) and control (-4.9 pg/ml, -7.4 to -2.4, P<0.001). IL-10 and TGF-β1 did not change in either group.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that a bout of higher-intensity exercise elicits a greater anti-inflammatory response compared to moderate-intensity exercise, which may be further augmented in patients with AAA. Exercise-induced reductions in biomarkers associated with AAA progression may represent a protective effect of exercise in patients with AAA.

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