Sloan-Gardner, T.S., Massey, P.D., Hutchinson, P., Knope, K., and Fearnley, E. (2017) Trends and risk factors for human Q fever in Australia, 1991-2014. Epidemiology and Infection, 145 (4). pp. 787-795.

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Abstract

Australian abattoir workers, farmers, veterinarians and people handling animal birthing products or slaughtering animals continue to be at high risk of Q fever despite an effective vaccine being available. National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data were analysed for the period 1991-2014, along with enhanced risk factor data from notified cases in the states of New South Wales and Queensland, to examine changes in the epidemiology of Q fever in Australia. The national Q fever notification rate reduced by 20% [ incident rate ratio (IRR) 0.82] following the end of the National Q fever Management Program in 2006, and has increased since 2009 (IRR 1.01-1.34). Highest rates were in males aged 40-59 years (5.9/ 100 000) and 87% of Q fever cases occurred in New South Wales and Queensland. The age of Q fever cases and proportion of females increased over the study period. Based on the enhanced risk factor data, the most frequently listed occupation for Q fever cases involved contact with livestock, followed by ` no known risk' occupations. More complete and comparable enhanced risk factor data, at the State/ Territory and national levels, would aid in further understanding of the epidemiology of Q fever.

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