Low-Reynolds-number fountain behaviour
Williamson, N., Srinarayana, N., Armfield, S.W., McBain, G.D., and Lin, W. (2008) Low-Reynolds-number fountain behaviour. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 608. pp. 297-317.
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Abstract
Experimental evidence for previously unreported fountain behaviour is presented. It has been found that the first unstable mode of a three-dimensional round fountain is a laminar flapping motion that can grow to a circling or multimodal flapping motion. With increasing Froude and Reynolds numbers, fountain behaviour becomes more disorderly, exhibiting a laminar bobbing motion. The transition between steady behaviour, the initial flapping modes and the laminar bobbing flow can be approximately described by a function FrRe2/3 =C. The transition to turbulence occurs at Re > 120, independent of Froude number, and the flow appears to be fully turbulent at Re ≈2000. For Fr > 10 and Re 120, sinuous shear-driven instabilities have been observed in the rising fluid column. For Re 120 these instabilities cause the fountain to intermittently breakdown into turbulent jet-like flow. For Fr 10 buoyancy forces begin to dominate the flow and pulsing behaviour is observed. A regime map of the fountain behaviour for 0.7Fr 100 and 15Re 1900 is presented and the underlying mechanisms for the observed behaviour are proposed. Movies are available with the online version of the paper.
| Item ID: | 4814 |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 1469-7645 |
| Keywords: | fountain flow, transitional fountain flow, instability, turbulence, laminar flow, low Reynolds number flow |
| Additional Information: | Reproduced with permission from Cambridge University Press. Copyright: Cambridge University Press. http://journals.cambridge.org/flm Williamson, N., Srinarayana, N., Armfield, S.W., McBain, G.D., and Lin, W. (2008) Low-Reynolds-number fountain behaviour. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 608 . pp. 297-317. |
| Funders: | Australian Research Council |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jul 2009 23:18 |
| FoR Codes: | 09 ENGINEERING > 0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering > 091504 Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics @ 100% |
| SEO Codes: | 97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970102 Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences @ 50% 97 EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE > 970109 Expanding Knowledge in Engineering @ 50% |
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