Onorati, Francesco, Dobson, Geoffrey P., San Biagio, Livio, Abbasciano, Riccardo, Fanti, Diego, Covajes, Cecilia, Menon, Tiziano, Gottin, Leonardo, Biancari, Fausto, Mazzucco, Alessandro, and Faggian, Giuseppe (2016) Superior myocardial protection using "polarizing" adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg2+ cardioplegia in humans. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 67 (14). pp. 1751-1753.

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Abstract

[Extract] Myocardial protection with current methods of cardioplegia is still incomplete. Several studies have shown that hyperkalemic solution may lead to cell injury. Adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium (ALM) is a new normokalemic, "polarizing" method of cardioplegia that arrests the heart at its resting membrane potential. Pre-clinical studies have shown ALM to provide improved protection compared with hyperkalemic solutions. A recent clinical trial also observed improved outcomes with ALM-enriched hyperkalemic cardioplegia. We hypothesized that normokalemic, "full-polarizing" ALM microplegia from induction to reanimation provides improved myocardial protection compared with hyperkalemic arrest.

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