Role of social cognition for young adults with recurrent depression

Quinn, Z., Mitchell, D., Anscomb, H., and Baune, B. (2014) Role of social cognition for young adults with recurrent depression. In: Abstracts from the 49th Australian Psychological Society Annual Conference. 136. p. 8. From: 49th Australian Psychological Society Annual Conference, 29 September - 3 October 2014, Hobart, TAS, Australia.

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Abstract

Aim: To investigate the results of social cognition tests on young adults with either recurrent or nonrecurrent depression. This study tested three hypotheses: (1) young adults with recurrent depressive episodes (>2 episodes) would perform significantly poorer on social cognition tasks than nonrecurrent depression (1 or 2 episodes only); (2) deficits in negatively balanced prosody would be associated with deficits in other cognitive tasks due to the requirement of extra cognitive resources; and (3) anxiety severity not depression severity would be a predictor of recurrent depression. Design: Cross-sectional design with purposive sampling. Purposive sampling was used to target young adults who had experienced a depressive episode.

Method: Eighty-four young adults (M=21.69 years, SD=4.14; 61 females, 23 males) with recurrent depression (>2 major depressive episodes) and 36 young adults (M=20.03 years, SD=3.23; 29 females, 7 males) with non-recurrent depression (1 or 2 major depressive episodes only) completed a cognitive battery and semi structured interviews including a clinical interview.

Results: The recurrent depression group performed significantly poorer than the non-recurrent group in prosody matching (p=.015), but not in facial affect (p=.365). By grouping individual prosodymatching items into happy, surprise, afraid, sad, angry, neutral, and sarcasm items it was found that the recurrent group performed significantly poorer than the non-recurrent group in sarcasm items (p=.004) only. As prosody matching did not correlate with depression severity (p=.292) or anxiety severity (p=.345), prosody may be a trait deficit. Using linear regression with bootstrapping negatively balanced prosody (sad, angry, surprised) was significantly predicted by the Nback (1) task (p=.005). A logistic regression model with bootstrapping was run to determine if sarcasm items would still be independently associated with recurrent depression when co-varied with age, depression severity, and anxiety severity. Age (p=.009) and sarcasm items (p=.035) were both independently associated while depression severity (p=.824) and anxiety severity (p=.100) were not. Therefore both anxiety and depression severity were not predictors of the recurrent depression group. Omitting "Age" from the logistic regression the significance of sarcasm items increased to p=.004.

Conclusion: Prosody matching (sarcasm items) a possible trait deficit may play a role in differentiating recurrent and non-recurrent depression.

Item ID: 46431
Item Type: Conference Item (Abstract / Summary)
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Date Deposited: 21 Nov 2016 00:49
FoR Codes: 17 PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES > 1701 Psychology > 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology @ 50%
17 PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES > 1702 Cognitive Science > 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified @ 50%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9204 Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) > 920410 Mental Health @ 100%
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