Can smoking initiation contexts predict how adult Aboriginal smokers assess their smoking risks? A cross-sectional study using the 'Smoking Risk Assessment Target'
Gould, Gillian Sandra, Watt, Kerrianne, West, Robert, Cadet-James, Yvonne, and Clough, Alan R. (2016) Can smoking initiation contexts predict how adult Aboriginal smokers assess their smoking risks? A cross-sectional study using the 'Smoking Risk Assessment Target'. BMJ Open, 6 (7). e010722.
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Abstract
Objectives: Smoking prevalence is slow to reduce among Indigenous Australians of reproductive age. We analysed the relationships between age of smoking initiation, recalled initiation influences and self-assessment of smoking risks in Aboriginal smokers.
Design, setting and participants: A community-based cross-sectional survey of Aboriginal smokers aged 18–45 years (N=121; 58 men) was undertaken, using single-item measures. The Smoking Risk Assessment Target (SRAT) as the primary outcome measure enabled self-assessment of smoking risks from 12 options, recategorised into 3 groups. Participants recalled influences on their smoking initiation. Multinomial logistic regression modelling included age, gender, strength of urges to smoke, age at initiation (regular uptake) and statistically significant initiation influences on χ2 tests ('to be cool’, alcohol and cannabis).
Results: Frequent initiation influences included friends (74%; SD 0.44), family (57%; SD 0.5) and alcohol (40%; SD 0.49). 54% (n=65) of smokers had the highest risk perception on the SRAT, selected by those who cared about the smoking risks and intended to quit soon. On multivariate analyses, compared with the highest level of SRAT, male gender, lower age of uptake and strong urges to smoke were significantly associated with the lowest level of SRAT, selected by those who refuted risks or thought they could not quit. Lower age of uptake and alcohol were associated with mid-level of SRAT, selected by those who cared about smoking risks, but did not consider quitting as a priority.
Conclusions: Characteristics of smoking initiation in youth may have far-reaching associations with how smoking risks are assessed by adults of reproductive age, and their intentions to quit smoking. Becoming a regular smoker at under the age of 16 years, and influences of alcohol on smoking uptake, were inversely associated with high-level assessment of smoking risks and intention to quit in regional Aboriginal smokers. The SRAT may help tailor approaches to Indigenous smoking cessation.
| Item ID: | 44883 |
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| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 2044-6055 |
| Additional Information: | This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. |
| Funders: | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), National Heart Foundation (NHF), Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP), Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute (APHCRI) |
| Projects and Grants: | NHF APP1039759 and PP 11S 6181, APHCRI Indigenous Health Award 2013 |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2016 02:09 |
| FoR Codes: | 45 INDIGENOUS STUDIES > 4504 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing > 450417 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander public health and wellbeing @ 80% 42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4206 Public health > 420605 Preventative health care @ 20% |
| SEO Codes: | 92 HEALTH > 9203 Indigenous Health > 920399 Indigenous Health not elsewhere classified @ 100% |
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