Serum androgens and prostate cancer risk: results from the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial

Schenk, Jeannette, Till, Cathee, Hsing, Ann W., Stanczyk, Frank Z., Gong, Zhihong, Neuhouser, Marian L., Reichardt, Juergen K., Hoque, Ashraful M., Figg, William D., Goodman, Phyllis J., Tangen, Catherine M., and Thompson, Ian (2016) Serum androgens and prostate cancer risk: results from the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Cancer Causes and Control, 27 (2). pp. 175-182.

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Abstract

Background: Compelling and long-standing data suggest that androgens play an important role in the development of both normal prostate epithelium and prostate cancer. Although testosterone administration can induce prostate cancer (PCA) in laboratory animals, serum-based epidemiologic studies examining androgens in humans have not consistently supported a role for androgens in prostate carcinogenesis. We examined whether pre-diagnostic serum androgens were associated with PCA risk in the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.

Methods: In this nested case-control study, cases (n = 1,032) were primarily local-stage, biopsy-detected cancers, and controls (n = 1,025) were biopsy-confirmed to be PCA-free. Pre-diagnostic serum androgens (total testosterone, 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide, free testosterone), estrogen-to-testosterone ratio, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were measured in pooled (baseline and year 3) blood samples.

Results: We found no significant associations between serum androgens, estrogen-to-testosterone ratios, or SHBG and risk of total, low (Gleason <7) or high-grade (Gleason 7-10) PCA.

Conclusion: Much remains to be learned about the role of androgens in prostate carcinogenesis. Further research is needed to evaluate the role of androgens, timing of exposure, genetic modulators of androgen metabolism, or environmental exposures that may affect androgen influence on prostate carcinogenesis.

Item ID: 44025
Item Type: Article (Research - C1)
ISSN: 1573-7225
Keywords: prostate cancer, androgens, Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial
Funders: National Cancer Institute (NCI), U.S. National Institutes of Health, Cancer Therapy and Research Center (CTRC), Seattle Cancer Consortium, Early Detetection Research Network (EDRN)
Projects and Grants: NCI P01-CA108964, UM1-CA182883 & U10-CA37429, CTRC P30-CA054174 & P30 CA015704-36, EDRN U01 CA086042
Date Deposited: 23 Mar 2016 07:35
FoR Codes: 32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3211 Oncology and carcinogenesis > 321109 Predictive and prognostic markers @ 50%
32 BIOMEDICAL AND CLINICAL SCIENCES > 3211 Oncology and carcinogenesis > 321104 Cancer therapy (excl. chemotherapy and radiation therapy) @ 50%
SEO Codes: 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920102 Cancer and Related Disorders @ 100%
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