A review of outcome following valve surgery for rheumatic heart disease in Australia
Russell, E. Anne, Tran, Lavinia, Baker, Robert A., Bennetts, Jayme S., Brown, Alex, Reid, Christopher M., Tam, Robert, Walsh, Warren F., and Maguire, Graeme P. (2015) A review of outcome following valve surgery for rheumatic heart disease in Australia. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 15 (103). pp. 1-12.
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Abstract
Background: Globally, rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains an important cause of heart disease. In Australia it particularly affects younger Indigenous and older non-Indigenous Australians. Despite its impact there is limited understanding of the factors influencing outcome following surgery for RHD.
Methods: The Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons Cardiac Surgery Database was analysed to assess outcomes following surgical procedures for RHD and non-RHD valvular disease. The association with demographics, co-morbidities, pre-operative status, valve(s) affected and operative procedure was evaluated.
Results: Outcome of 1384 RHD and 15843 non-RHD valve procedures was analysed. RHD patients had longer ventilation, experienced fewer strokes and had more readmissions to hospital and anticoagulant complications. Mortality following RHD surgery at 30 days was 3.1 % (95 % CI 2.2 - 4.3), 5 years 15.3 % (11.7 - 19.5) and 10 years 25.0 % (10.7 - 44.9). Mortality following non-RHD surgery at 30 days was 4.3 % (95 % CI 3.9 - 4.6), 5 years 17.6 % (16.4 - 18.9) and 10 years 39.4 % (33.0 - 46.1). Factors independently associated with poorer longer term survival following RHD surgery included older age (OR1.03/additional year, 95 % CI 1.01 - 1.05), concomitant diabetes (OR 1.7, 95 % CI 1.1 - 2.5) and chronic kidney disease (1.9, 1.2 - 2.9), longer invasive ventilation time (OR 1.7 if greater than median value, 1.1-2.9) and prolonged stay in hospital (1.02/additional day, 1.01 - 1.03). Survival in Indigenous Australians was comparable to that seen in non-Indigenous Australians.
Conclusion: In a large prospective cohort study we have demonstrated survival following RHD valve surgery in Australia is comparable to earlier studies. Patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, were at particular risk of poorer long-term survival. Unlike earlier studies we did not find pre-existing atrial fibrillation, being an Indigenous Australian or the nature of the underlying valve lesion were independent predictors of survival.
| Item ID: | 41709 |
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| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 1471-2261 |
| Keywords: | Indigenous health, rheumatic heart disease, rheumatic valve surgery, outcome indicators |
| Additional Information: | © 2015 Russell et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
| Funders: | National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC), Viertel Senior Medical Research Fellowship, Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Dec 2015 14:25 |
| FoR Codes: | 11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1102 Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology > 110201 Cardiology (incl Cardiovascular Diseases) @ 100% |
| SEO Codes: | 92 HEALTH > 9201 Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) > 920103 Cardiovascular System and Diseases @ 100% |
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