Overdominance effect of the bovine ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a)-DelR242 locus on growth in Japanese Shorthorn weaner bulls: heterozygote advantage in bull selection and molecular mechanisms
Komatsu, Masanori, Sato, Yoichi, Negami, Tatsuki, Terada, Tohru, Sasaki, Osamu, Yasuda, Jumpei, Arakawa, Aisaku, Yoshida, Chikara, Takahashi, Hideaki, Malau-Aduli, Aduli E.O., Suzuki, Keiichi, and Shimizu, Kentaro (2015) Overdominance effect of the bovine ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a)-DelR242 locus on growth in Japanese Shorthorn weaner bulls: heterozygote advantage in bull selection and molecular mechanisms. G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, 5 (2). pp. 271-279.
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Abstract
Ghrelin and the ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a) are involved in growth hormone secretion, food intake, and several other important functions. Ghrelin acts on GHSR1a and induces signal transduction via the Gαq subunit. In our previous study, we identified the DelR242 (3R) allele, a truncated 3-arginine residue (3R) [major type: 4 arginine residues (4R)] of the third intracellular loop of GHSR1a, with a high frequency in Japanese Shorthorn bulls (0.43) but with a low frequency in other cattle breeds (0.00-0.09). To further investigate the reasons for the higher frequency of the 3R allele, we performed several experiments. In this study, we found a significant sex difference in the frequency of the 3R allele. Statistical analysis revealed a significant overdominance effect of the DelR242 locus on growth in Japanese Shorthorn weaner bulls. However, additive/dominance/overdominance effects of the 3R allele on carcass traits in adult steers and dams were not significant. The mode of the overdominance effect was estimated to be solely controlled by the single DelR242 locus without any other linked loci using linkage disequilibrium analysis in GHSR1a. These results indicated that 4R/3R heterozygotes had a selective advantage in weaner bulls because of their higher average daily gain than homozygotes. We discussed possible molecular mechanisms involved in the overdominance effect of the DelR242 locus on these traits in weaner bulls using a structural model of the complex consisting of a GHSR1a dimer and Gαq.
| Item ID: | 41030 |
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| Item Type: | Article (Research - C1) |
| ISSN: | 2160-1836 |
| Keywords: | DelR242; cattle; ghrelin receptor (GHSR1a); growth; overdominance |
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| Additional Information: | This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Funders: | National Agriculture and Food Research Organisation (NARO), National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), National Institute of Liverstock and Grassland Science, Animal Industry Resarch Institute |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Oct 2015 03:06 |
| FoR Codes: | 07 AGRICULTURAL AND VETERINARY SCIENCES > 0702 Animal Production > 070201 Animal Breeding @ 50% 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0604 Genetics > 060408 Genomics @ 50% |
| SEO Codes: | 83 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 8303 Livestock Raising > 830301 Beef Cattle @ 100% |
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