Norris, Michael R., Concepcion, Javier J., Glasson, Christopher R.K., Fang, Zhen, Lapides, Alexander M., Ashford, Dennis L., Templeton, Joseph L., and Meyer, Thomas J. (2013) Synthesis of phosphonic acid derivatized bipyridine ligands and their ruthenium complexes. Inorganic Chemistry, 52 (21). pp. 12492-12501.

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Abstract

Water-stable, surface-bound chromophores, catalysts, and assemblies are an essential element in dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells for the generation of solar fuels by water splitting and CO2 reduction to CO, other oxygenates, or hydrocarbons. Phosphonic acid derivatives provide a basis for stable chemical binding on metal oxide surfaces. We report here the efficient synthesis of 4,4'-bis(diethylphosphonomethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine and 4,4'-bis(diethylphosphonate)-2,2'-bipyridine, as well as the mono-, bis-, and tris-substituted ruthenium complexes, [Ru(bpy)2(Pbpy)]2+, [Ru(bpy)(Pbpy)2]2+, [Ru(Pbpy)3]2+, [Ru(bpy)2(CPbpy)]2+, [Ru(bpy)(CPbpy)2]2+, and [Ru(CPbpy)3]2+ [bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; Pbpy = 4,4'-bis(phosphonic acid)-2,2'-bipyridine; CPbpy = 4,4'-bis(methylphosphonic acid)-2,2'-bipyridine].

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