Gummow, Rosalind J., Sharma, Neeraj, Feng, Ruishu, Han, Guihong, and He, Yinghe (2013) High performance composite lithium-rich nickel manganese oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 160 (10). A1856-A1862.

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Abstract

Li(1.0)[Li(1/7)Mn(4/7) Ni(2/7)]O₂ cathode material was prepared by a facile, one-pot synthesis method. The structure of the material was determined by Rietveld refinement of structural models using high-resolution synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data and was found to consist of two distinct phases. The major phase, with composition Li(1.25(3))Ni(0.17(1)) Mn(0.61(1))O₂, close to the well-characterized Li(1.2)Ni(0.2)Mn(0.6)O₂ composition can be described as an intergrowth structure of Li₂MnO₃ and LiMn(0.5)Ni(0.5)O₂ domains and the second phase is a lithium-deficient layered structure with refined composition Li(0.85(1))Ni(0.57(1))Mn(0.55(1))O₂. The composite cathode has a high initial discharge capacity of 250 mAh/g which drops to 225 mAh/g on the 2nd discharge cycle. This capacity is maintained on subsequent cycles. Time-resolved in-situ synchrotron XRD data was used to study the changes in the lattice parameters and phase evolution of the two phases during Li-insertion and extraction.

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