Callaghan, M.J., Parker, A.J., and Edwards, L.J. (2013) Stability of vitamin A in dry season supplements. In: Proceedings of the Northern Beef Research Update Conference. p. 159. From: Northern Beef Research Update Conference , 12-15 August 2013, Cairns, QLD, Australia.

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Abstract

Introduction: High perinatal calf mortality associated with gestational vitamin A deficiency has been reported during extended dry seasons in the Mitchell grass rangelands (Hill et al. 2009). Adding vitamin A to supplements may aid prevention however it is inherently sensitive to degradation. Stability depends upon the manufacturing conditions (heat, moisture and pH), oxidising potential of ingredients and storage conditions (Shurson et al. 2011). The objective of this study was to determine the stability of Vitamin A when included in dry season supplements manufactured using different methods.

Methods: Three commercially available dry season supplements were manufactured using contrasting manufacturing methodologies; loose lick (LL), molten blocks (MB) and cold pour blocks (CB). All supplements were blended in a horizontal ribbon mixer. The LL supplements were decanted directly into 25 kg bags. The MB mixture was transferred to a heat jacketed mixing vessel, and then poured into cardboard cartons at 90°C prior to hardening. Manufacturing of CB used a patented manufacturing method (IP No. 725349) under ambient temperature. The major ingredients in LL and MB were salt (275 - 300 g/kg as fed) and urea (250 - 300 g/kg). Composition of CB included 200 g/kg molasses, 150 g/kg urea and 100 g/kg salt. Rovimix® A 1000 (DSM) was included in each supplement to deliver 40 000 iu vitamin A/day. Expected concentrations were 240,335,270 iu Vitamin A/g for LL, MB and CB respectively. Samples were collected at day 0, 90 and 180 to determine Vitamin A status.

Results and Discussion: Vitamin A degradation was both immediate and extensive for LL and MB relative to target concentrations (see Table 1). The levels decreased between manufacturing and day 90 for LL and MB (P<0.05), approaching the limit of detection by 180 days. Vitamin A concentrations of CB remained stable for the duration of the trial. The use of a CB manufacturing process is likely to have greater efficacy than either LL or MB when attempting to deliver vitamin A via dry season supplements.

Item ID:	28840
Item Type:	Conference Item (Abstract / Summary)
Keywords:	vitamin A, retinol, cattle, supplements, Bos indicus
Related URLs:	Organisation
Funders:	Ridley AgriProducts Pty Ltd
Date Deposited:	25 Feb 2014 01:49
FoR Codes:	07 AGRICULTURAL AND VETERINARY SCIENCES > 0702 Animal Production > 070204 Animal Nutrition @ 100%
SEO Codes:	83 ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND ANIMAL PRIMARY PRODUCTS > 8303 Livestock Raising > 830301 Beef Cattle @ 100%
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