Mok, Leh Woon, and Overmier, J. Bruce (2007) The differential outcomes effect in normal human adults using a concurrent-task within-subjects design and sensory outcomes. Psychological Record, 57 (2). 2. pp. 187-200.

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Abstract

The differential outcomes effect is a phenomenon where use of a choice-unique outcome for each type of correct choice in a conditional discrimination task increases rate of learning and overall accuracy, as compared to the traditional use of a single, common outcome for all types of correct choices. This phenomenon was successfully demonstrated here in college students (p < .05) using differing immediate sensory outcomes rather than the usual rewards that have obvious hedonic values. Further, a unique version of a concurrent-task, within-subjects design, rather than the typical between-subjects design, was employed. Applications of this effect using sensory outcomes in education and training are discussed.

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